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  • Plaintiff Cannot Be Forced To Add Parties Against Whom He Does Not Want To Fight: Supreme Court

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Plaintiff Cannot Be Forced To Add Parties Against Whom He Does Not Want To Fight: Supreme Court

Courtesy/By: Sanjeev Sirohi  |  21 Jul 2019     Views:849

It is worth noting and worth mentioning that in a latest, landmark and laudable judgment titled Gurmit Singh Bhatia Vs Kiran Kant Robinson and others in Civil Appeal Nos. 5522-5523 of 2019 delivered on July 17, 2019, the Supreme Court while exercising its civil appellate jurisdiction has reiterated that, in a suit, the plaintiff is the dominus litis and cannot be forced to add parties against whom he does not want to fight unless there is a compulsion of the rule of law. All the courts must always bear this in mind while delivering judgments in such matters. There can be no denying or disputing it!

                                            To start with, the ball is set rolling in para 1 of this noteworthy judgment authored by Justice MR Shah for himself and Justice DY Chandrachud of Supreme Court wherein it is pointed out that, “Feeling aggrieved and dissatisfied with the impugned judgment and order dated 3.7.2013 passed in Writ Petition No. 856/2012 and order dated 5.8.2013 passed in Review Petition No. 169/2013 in Writ Petition No. 856/2012 by the High Court of Chhattisgarh at Bilaspur, by which the High Court has allowed the said writ petition preferred by the original plaintiffs and has quashed and set aside the order passed by the learned trial Court allowing the application preferred by the appellant herein for impleading him as a necessary party to the suit filed by respondent nos. 2 and 3 herein – the original plaintiffs, the original applicant – appellant has preferred the present appeals.”

                                       To recapitulate, it is then stated in para 2 that, “The facts of the case leading to these appeals in nutshell are as follows:

          Respondent nos. 2 & 3 herein – the original plaintiffs filed a suit against respondent no. 1 herein – original defendant no. 1 for specific performance of the agreement to sell/contract dated 3.5.2005 executed by respondent no. 1 – original defendant no. 1 in the Court of learned 4th Additional District Judge, Bilaspur. That during the pendency of the aforesaid suit and despite the injunction against respondent no. 1 herein – original defendant no. 1 – original owner not to alienate or transfer the suit property, respondent no. 1 herein – original defendant no. 1 executed a sale deed in favour of the appellant herein vide sale deed dated 10.07.2008. The appellant herein – purchaser who purchased the suit property during the pendency of the suit filed an application in the pending suit under Order 1 Rule 10 of the CPC for impleadment as a defendant in the suit. It was the case on behalf of the appellant herein that he has purchased the suit property and is a necessary and proper party to the suit as he has a direct interest in the suit property. That by an order dated 5.11.2012, the learned trial Court allowed the said application and directed the original plaintiffs to join the appellant as a defendant in the suit.”    

                                    Put plainly, it is then pointed out in para 2.1 that, “Feeling aggrieved and dissatisfied with the order passed by the learned trial Court dated 5.11.2012 allowing the application and permitting the appellant herein to be joined as a party defendant in the suit filed by the original plaintiffs – respondent nos. 2 & 3 herein, respondent nos. 2 & 3 herein filed writ petition No. 856/2012 before the High Court of Chhattisgarh. By the impugned judgment and order dated 3.7.2013, the High Court has allowed the said writ petition and has quashed and set aside the order passed by the learned trial Court allowing the impleadment application preferred by the appellant herein by holding that as regards the relief claimed against the original defendants and as no relief has been claimed against the appellant herein, the appellant cannot be said to be a necessary or formal party. That thereafter the appellant preferred a review application which came to be dismissed. Hence, the present appeals by way of special leave petitions.”

                                Be it noted, para 3.1 then discloses that, “Learned Senior Advocate appearing on behalf of the appellant has vehemently submitted that once the learned trial Court allowed the impleadment application submitted by the appellant herein under Order 1 Rule 10 of the CPC holding that the appellant is a necessary and proper party, the High Court, in exercise of powers under Article 227 of the Constitution of India, ought not to have interfered with the same.”

                          Moving on, para 3.2 then further discloses that, “It is vehemently submitted by the learned Senior Advocate appearing on behalf of the appellant that as such the appellant has purchased the suit property from the same vendor and, in fact, the appellant was in prior agreement to sell holder and to protect the interest of the appellant, the appellant is a necessary and proper party. It is submitted that therefore the learned trial Court rightly allowed the impleadment application submitted by the appellant.”

                                          Going forward, it is then further added in para 3.3 that, “Making the above submissions and relying upon the decision of this Court in the case of Robin Ramjibhai Patel v. Anandibai Rama @ Rajaram Pawar, reported in (2018) 15 SCC 614 and the decision of the Bombay High Court in the case of Shri Swastik Developers vs. Saket Kumar Jain, reported in 2014 (2) Mh. L.J. 968, it is prayed to allow the present appeals and quash and set aside the impugned judgments and orders passed by the High Court and restore the order passed by the learned trial Court.”

                                        On the contrary, we then see that para 4 discloses that, “The present appeals are vehemently opposed by Shri M. Shoeb Alam, learned Advocate appearing on behalf of the original plaintiffs. It is vehemently submitted that in fact the appellant purchased the suit property during the pendency of the suit and that too in violation of the injunction granted by the learned trial Court. It is submitted that as such the prior agreement to sell upon which reliance has been placed by the appellant is a concocted and forged one. It is submitted that in any case the appellant cannot be impleaded as a defendant in a suit filed by the original plaintiffs for specific performance of the agreement to sell/contract to which the appellant is not a party. It is submitted that the original plaintiffs are the dominus litis and without their consent nobody can be permitted to be impleaded as defendant.”

                                         While  citing the relevant case law thus adding more ammunition to its submissions, it is then pointed out in para 4.1 that, “It is vehemently submitted that as such the issue involved in the present case is squarely covered against the appellant in view of the decision of this Court in the case of Kasturi v. Iyyamperumal, reported in (2005) 6 SCC 733”.

                                       Furthermore, it is then illustrated in para 4.2 that, “Insofar as the reliance placed upon the decision of this Court in the case of Robin Ramjibhai Patel (supra) as well as the decision of the Bombay High Court in the case of Shri Swastik Developers (supra) by the learned Senior Advocate appearing on behalf of the appellant, it is vehemently submitted by Shri M. Shoeb Alam, learned Advocate appearing on behalf of the original plaintiffs that the said decisions shall not be applicable to the facts of the case on hand. It is submitted that in the aforesaid two cases, it was an application by the original plaintiff to implead the subsequent purchaser who purchased the property during the pendency of the suits. It is submitted that as held by this Court in the case of Kasturi (supra), it is for the plaintiff/plaintiffs to implead a particular person/persons as defendant/defendants and if he/they does not/do not join then it will be at the risk of the plaintiff/plaintiffs. It is further submitted that the plaintiff cannot be forced to implead any other person, more particularly who is not a party to the contract, against the wish of the plaintiff. It is submitted that therefore the aforesaid two decisions, upon which reliance has been placed by the learned Senior Advocate appearing on behalf of the appellant, shall not be applicable to the facts of the case on hand. It is submitted that as such the decision of this Court in the case of Kasturi (supra) clinches the issue and shall be squarely applicable to the facts of the case on hand.”

                                              To put things in perspective, it is then ruled in para 5.1 after hearing the learned counsel for the respective parties at length that, “At the outset, it is required to be noted that the original plaintiffs filed the suit against the original owner – vendor – original defendant no. 1 for specific performance of the agreement to sell with respect to suit property dated 3.5.2005. It is an admitted position that so far as agreement to sell dated 3.5.2005 of which the specific performance is sought, the appellant is not a party to the said agreement to sell. It appears that during the pendency of the aforesaid suit and though there was an injunction against the original owner – vendor restraining him from transferring and alienating the suit property, the vendor executed the sale deed in favour of the appellant by sale deed dated 10.7.2008. After a period of approximately four years, the appellant filed an application before the learned trial Court under Order 1 Rule 10 of the CPC for his impleadment as a defendant. The appellant claimed the right on the basis of the said sale deed as well as the agreement to sell dated 31.3.2003 alleged to have been executed by the original vendor. The said application was opposed by the original plaintiffs. The learned trial Court despite the opposition by the original plaintiffs allowed the said application which has been set aside by the High Court by the impugned judgment and order. Thus, it was an application under Order 1 Rule 10 of the CPC by a third party to the agreement to sell between the original plaintiffs and original defendant no. 1 (vendor) and the said application for impleadment is/was opposed by the original plaintiffs. Therefore, the short question which is posed for consideration before this Court is, whether the plaintiffs can be compelled to implead a person in the suit for specific performance, against his wish and more particularly with respect to a person against whom no relief has been claimed by him?”

                                     As it turned out, it is then envisaged in para 5.2 that, “An identical question came to be considered before this Court in the case of Kasturi (supra) and applying the principle that the plaintiff is the dominus litis, in the similar facts and circumstances of the case, this Court observed and held that the question of jurisdiction of the court to invoke Order 1 Rule 10 CPC to add a party who is not made a party in the suit by the plaintiff shall not arise unless a party proposed to be added has direct and legal interest in the controversy involved in the suit. It is further observed and held by this Court that two tests are to be satisfied for determining the question who is a necessary party. The tests are – (1) there must be a right to some relief against such party in respect of the controversies involved in the proceedings; (2) no effective decree can be passed in the absence of such party. It is further observed and held that in a suit for specific performance the first test can be formulated is, to determine whether a party is a necessary party there must be a right to the same relief against the party claiming to be a necessary party, relating to the same subject matter involved in the proceedings for specific performance of contract to sell. It is further observed and held by this Court that in a suit for specific performance of the contract, a proper party is a party whose presence is necessary to adjudicate the controversy involved in the suit. It is further observed and held that the parties claiming an independent title and possession adverse to the title of the vendor and not on the basis of the contract, are not proper parties and if such party is impleaded in the suit, the scope of the suit for specific performance shall be enlarged to a suit for title and possession, which is impermissible. It is further observed and held that a third party or a stranger cannot be added in a suit for specific performance, merely in order to find out who is in possession of the contracted property or to avoid multiplicity of the suits. It is further observed and held by this Court that a third party or a stranger to a contract cannot be added so as to convert a suit of one character into a suit of different character.”  

                          More significantly, it is then further added in this same para 5.2 that, “That thereafter, after observing and holding as above, this Court further observed that in view of the principle that the plaintiff who has filed a suit for specific performance of the contract to sell is the dominus litis, he cannot be forced to add parties against whom, he does not want to fight unless it is a compulsion of the rule of law. In the aforesaid decision in the case of Kasturi (supra), it was contended on behalf of the third parties that they are in possession of the suit property on the basis of their independent title to the same and as the plaintiff had also claimed the relief of possession in the plaint and the issue with regard to possession is common to the parties including the third parties, and therefore, the same can be settled in the suit itself. It was further submitted on behalf of the third parties that to avoid the multiplicity of the suits, it would be appropriate to join them as party defendants. This Court did not accept the aforesaid submission by observing that merely in order to find out who is in possession of the contracted property, a third party or a stranger to the contract cannot be added in a suit for specific performance of the contract to sell because they are not necessary parties as there was no semblance of right to some relief against the parties to the contract. It is further observed and held that in a suit for specific performance of the contract to sell the lis between the vendor and the persons in whose favour agreement to sell is executed shall only be gone into and it is also not open to the Court to decide whether any other parties have acquired any title and possession of the contracted property. It is further observed and held by this Court in the aforesaid decision that if the plaintiff who has filed a suit for specific performance of the contract to sell, even after receiving the notice of claim of title and possession by other persons (not parties to the suit and even not parties to the agreement to sell for which a decree for specific performance is sought) does not want to join them in the pending suit, it is always done at the risk of the plaintiff because he cannot be forced to join the third parties as party-defendants in such suit. The aforesaid observations are made by this Court considering the principle that plaintiff is the dominus litis and cannot be forced to add parties against whom he does not want to fight unless there is a compulsion of the rule of law. Therefore, considering the decision of this Court in the case of Kasturi (supra), the appellant cannot be impleaded as a defendant in the suit filed by the original plaintiffs for specific performance of the contract between the original plaintiffs and original defendant no. 1 and in a suit for specific performance of the contract to which the appellant is not a party and that too against the wish of the plaintiffs. The plaintiffs cannot be forced to add party against whom he does not want to fight. If he does so, in that case, it will be at the risk of the plaintiffs.”   

                                  It cannot be lost on us that it is then envisaged in para 6 that, “Now so far as the reliance placed upon the decision of this Court in the case of Robin Ramjibhai Patel (supra) and the decision of the Bombay High Court in the case of Shri Swastik Developers (supra), relied upon by the learned Senior Advocate for the appellant is concerned, the aforesaid decisions shall not be applicable to the facts of the case on hand as in both the aforesaid cases, it was the plaintiff who submitted an application to implead the third parties/subsequent purchasers who claimed title under the vendor of the plaintiff. Position will be different when the plaintiff submits an application to implead the subsequent purchaser as a party and when the plaintiff opposes such an applicant for impleadment. This is the distinguishing feature in the aforesaid two decisions and in the decision of this Court in the case of Kasturi (supra).”

                         All told, it is then finally held in the last para 7 that, “In view of the above and for the reasons stated above, we are in complete agreement with the view taken by the High Court. No interference of this Court is called for. The appellant cannot be impleaded as a defendant in the suit for specific performance of the contract between the original plaintiffs and original defendant no. 1 against the wish of the plaintiffs. Accordingly, the present appeals stand dismissed. However, in the facts and circumstances of the case, there shall be no order as to costs.”

                                   In the ultimate analysis, the Apex Court has made it absolutely clear in this notable case that plaintiff cannot be forced to add parties against whom he does not want to fight unless there is a compulsion of the rule of law. It has been elaborated upon also in great detail which we have already discussed above. No doubt, all  the courts must always comply with it in all such cases!


Courtesy/By: Sanjeev Sirohi  |  21 Jul 2019     Views:849

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Government Notifies Strict Provisions Of Motor Veh...
31 Aug 2019     Views:768
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30 Aug 2019     Views:1501
Institutional Independence, Financial Autonomy Int...
28 Aug 2019     Views:728
A Legal Luminary And A Political Stalwart Passes A...
25 Aug 2019     Views:779
Allahabad HC Bans DJs And Passes Directions For Re...
24 Aug 2019     Views:669
Delhi HC Refuses Anticipatory Bail To P Chidambara...
23 Aug 2019     Views:896
Chidambaram Getting No Respite From Courts...
23 Aug 2019     Views:643
Domestic Violence And Dowry Accused Set Free By Th...
22 Aug 2019     Views:3385
Bombsy HC: Treat every citizen with dignity...
20 Aug 2019     Views:3392
Integration Of J&K With India Is Now Full And Fina...
20 Aug 2019     Views:1228
Second Appeal Not To Be Dismissed Merely On The Gr...
18 Aug 2019     Views:853
Judge Can Recuse From A Case At His Own Volition, ...
17 Aug 2019     Views:945
Don't politicize demolition of temples: SC...
16 Aug 2019     Views:3388
Madras Christian College - female students sexuall...
16 Aug 2019     Views:3233
Charged for employing triple talaq...
16 Aug 2019     Views:1405
Earlier Convicted now Acquitted - Lack of Conclusi...
15 Aug 2019     Views:1329
MACAD Scheme to be enforced in Tamil Nadu - 1st Oc...
15 Aug 2019     Views:1310
Filing Of Criminal Complaint For Settling Civil Di...
15 Aug 2019     Views:980
End Discrimination: Equalize legal age of Marriage...
14 Aug 2019     Views:800
Madras HC issues directions upon Officers to check...
14 Aug 2019     Views:781
BOMBAY HC to Civic Bodies: "Own up to your respons...
14 Aug 2019     Views:763
Infringement of Registered TM "Vistara" - Threat t...
13 Aug 2019     Views:1021
US Citizen approaches Bombay High Court After Bein...
13 Aug 2019     Views:934
Normalcy need not be restored in J&K instantly : S...
13 Aug 2019     Views:808
Prohibitory Steps taken against Students for Consu...
13 Aug 2019     Views:849
Basic Amenities to Traffic Personnel ...
12 Aug 2019     Views:693
Madras HC upholds the appointment notification of ...
12 Aug 2019     Views:839
Plea against E-pharmacies struck down by Bombay HC...
12 Aug 2019     Views:779
Parliament Rightly Makes Triple Talaq Criminal But...
12 Aug 2019     Views:715
No Tax Deduction from Motor Accident Compensation ...
11 Aug 2019     Views:781
Delhi HC: Plant 50 Trees, Quash Criminal Proceedin...
11 Aug 2019     Views:711
Iyal Isai Nataka Mandram should abide by the time ...
11 Aug 2019     Views:986
Transitory Committee to be formed for Indian Arche...
11 Aug 2019     Views:736
Outlawing Of Triple Talaq Is Highly Commendable...
11 Aug 2019     Views:766
Daring Resolve Taken By Centre On Jammu And Kashmi...
10 Aug 2019     Views:681
M Kavitha’s suspension to be reviewed...
09 Aug 2019     Views:992
SC: Adverse Possession owing to Title over Propert...
09 Aug 2019     Views:790
Regulation of Online streaming contents out of the...
09 Aug 2019     Views:811
Constitution Cannot Be Above Country Come What May...
09 Aug 2019     Views:738
Ocean waves to be our new energy source...
08 Aug 2019     Views:807
Delhi HC: Simple language to be incorporated in FI...
08 Aug 2019     Views:1019
THE HIGH COURT OF KARNATAKA ASKED THE GOVERNMENT T...
08 Aug 2019     Views:773
Victim Has A Right To Assist The Court In A Trial ...
08 Aug 2019     Views:2151
Study of Lakes to be Conducted by NEERI...
07 Aug 2019     Views:922
SC Denies Permission to Conduct DNA Tests...
07 Aug 2019     Views:847
Whatsapp's fight against interference with User-Pr...
07 Aug 2019     Views:749
Evidence Of A Solitary Witness In A Criminal Trial...
07 Aug 2019     Views:795
High Court of Karnataka set aside the retirement o...
07 Aug 2019     Views:926
Study of Lakes to be Conducted by NEERI...
06 Aug 2019     Views:858
History-sheeter kidnaps and rapes a College Studen...
06 Aug 2019     Views:852
No Room For Sympathy While Sentencing Terror Convi...
06 Aug 2019     Views:644
Rejected Plea: Declaration of Vande Mataram as Nat...
05 Aug 2019     Views:1030
Madras HC corrects the computation error of Motor ...
05 Aug 2019     Views:750
Fundamental Right To Privacy Not Absolute And Must...
05 Aug 2019     Views:977
Diocese of Tanjore Society School gets relief from...
04 Aug 2019     Views:827
THE TEMPLES IN KARNATAKA NO MORE BE GOVERNED UNDER...
03 Aug 2019     Views:1029
Triple Talaq legislation is challenged in the Delh...
03 Aug 2019     Views:753
Special Olympics International Football Championsh...
03 Aug 2019     Views:751
Concession to be given to disabled persons appeari...
03 Aug 2019     Views:1246
Bombay High Court Hears Dowry Case Involving A Civ...
03 Aug 2019     Views:888
Karnataka High Court on the condition of Roads...
02 Aug 2019     Views:1088
SC ORDERS DEATH PENALTY IN COIMBATORE GANG-RAPE CA...
02 Aug 2019     Views:797
RBI Changes Features Of New Currency Notes. Bombay...
02 Aug 2019     Views:758
Interest Of Victim And Society At Large Must Also ...
02 Aug 2019     Views:737
Abolition of Colonial Decorum in Courts...
01 Aug 2019     Views:4875
Punjab & Haryana HC Bans Use Of Loudspeakers Witho...
31 Jul 2019     Views:1237
ICJ Has Rightly Called Pakistan’s Bluff In Jadha...
26 Jul 2019     Views:718
Review And Reconsider Conviction And Sentencing Of...
22 Jul 2019     Views:733
Plaintiff Cannot Be Forced To Add Parties Against ...
21 Jul 2019     Views:849
Biggest Slap By ICJ Directly Right On The Face Of ...
19 Jul 2019     Views:638
Delhi HC Imposes Rs. 50,000 Cost On Woman For Fals...
17 Jul 2019     Views:779
Non-Appointment Of Judges Affects Speedy Justice: ...
16 Jul 2019     Views:734
Right To Get Anticipatory Bail Is Not Any Fundamen...
14 Jul 2019     Views:1091
Plea For Anticipatory Bail Not Maintainable Before...
13 Jul 2019     Views:1310
Divorce Cannot Be Granted Only On Ground Of Irretr...
11 Jul 2019     Views:716
Right To Shelter A Fundamental Right; State Has Co...
08 Jul 2019     Views:766
HC Cannot Reverse Acquittal Without Affording Oppo...
06 Jul 2019     Views:646
Centre Is Legally Empowered To Create A High Court...
05 Jul 2019     Views:1115
Centre Must Now Immediately Order Creation Of HC B...
03 Jul 2019     Views:641
UAPA: SC Dismisses PFI Leader’s Plea Seeking Dis...
02 Jul 2019     Views:868
How To Record The Evidence Of Deaf And Dumb Rape V...
01 Jul 2019     Views:1380
Ban Advocates From Carrying Weapons Inside Court P...
26 Jun 2019     Views:1635
Enact Strict Law To Ensure Personal Safety Of Doct...
26 Jun 2019     Views:1507
Mere Aggressive Behaviour Of Wife Not A Ground Of ...
26 Jun 2019     Views:1738
Court Cannot Destroy Faith & Beliefs Of People: Ma...
07 Jun 2019     Views:697
Insult Of Soldier In Name Of Law Is Most Disgracef...
07 Jun 2019     Views:785
Courts Cannot Decide Eligibility And Essential Qua...
20 May 2019     Views:2352
SC Upholds Constitutionality Of Section 23 Of PCPN...
20 May 2019     Views:1741
My Unflinching Faith In CJI Stands Fully Vindicate...
20 May 2019     Views:1043
Solitary Confinement Of Death Convict Prior To Rej...
20 May 2019     Views:1440
Section 498A & 306 IPC: Incidents Which Happened M...
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Why Should UP Have Least High Court Benches In Ind...
20 May 2019     Views:772
Successive Bail Applications Should Be Placed Befo...
20 May 2019     Views:6807
“Drop This Episode From Your Minds And Gossips...
20 May 2019     Views:781
Is The Criticism Of In-House Procedure Justified?...
20 May 2019     Views:928
Mere Pendency Of Civil Case Between Complainant An...
20 May 2019     Views:787
Section 482 CrPC: HC Should Assign Reasons As To W...
20 May 2019     Views:2002
Delhi High Court Directs Government To Set Up 18 F...
20 May 2019     Views:758
No New Appointments To Be Made From In-Service Can...
18 May 2019     Views:762
Only Advocates Can Plead And Argue On Behalf Of Li...
09 Apr 2019     Views:2355
Nations Must Make Gun Laws More Stricter...
04 Apr 2019     Views:2932
SC Designates 37 Lawyers As Senior Advocates...
04 Apr 2019     Views:4088
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SC Sets Aside Life Ban Imposed On Cricketer Sreesa...
04 Apr 2019     Views:974
P&H HC Directs Protection Of Honest Officers While...
04 Apr 2019     Views:838
Death Sentence Can Be Imposed Only When Life Impri...
19 Mar 2019     Views:1435
Islamabad High Court Rejects Plea Against Release ...
19 Mar 2019     Views:1462
Lawyers Resort To Seek Unnecessary Adjournments Am...
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Even Poem Can Help Save A Death Convict From Gallo...
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19 Mar 2019     Views:818
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19 Mar 2019     Views:1110
Magistrate Shall Specify Whether Sentences Awarded...
23 Feb 2019     Views:1754
Mere Inability To Repay Loan Does Not Constitute C...
23 Feb 2019     Views:2052
Inability To Establish Motive In A Case Of Circums...
23 Feb 2019     Views:1859
Punjab & Haryana HC Issues Slew Of Directions To C...
23 Feb 2019     Views:2145
Court Has to Confine Itself To The Four Corners Of...
23 Feb 2019     Views:930
Long Pendency Amounts To A Special Reason For Impo...
23 Feb 2019     Views:883
Successive Applications For Recalling Witnesses Sh...
23 Feb 2019     Views:1970
Lieutenant General (Rtd) Cannot Be Tried In A Gene...
06 Feb 2019     Views:1633
Autonomy Of the Bar Cannot Be Taken Over By The Co...
05 Feb 2019     Views:2332
Casual Act Of Possession Over Property Does Not Co...
04 Feb 2019     Views:1536
No Authority Can Claim Privilege Not To Comply Wit...
04 Feb 2019     Views:1707
Death Sentence Only When The Alternative Option Is...
04 Feb 2019     Views:1923
SC Imposes Rs 5 Crore Penalty On A Medical College...
28 Jan 2019     Views:1212
A Judicial Officer Is Not An Ordinary Government S...
25 Jan 2019     Views:1382
Rape And Murder Of 8 Year Old Girl: SC Commutes De...
23 Jan 2019     Views:1464
Mere Allegations Of Harassment Without Proximate P...
23 Jan 2019     Views:1943
Legal Article Why Should They Speak Lies: Decease...
23 Jan 2019     Views:1009
Can a Economic offender can escape by surrendering...
22 Jan 2019     Views:823
NCW is a Lame Duck or Legal Guardian for women...
22 Jan 2019     Views:774
Mutual Consent Divorce Procedure in Chennai Family...
21 Jan 2019     Views:4174
Quick Divorce in India...
21 Jan 2019     Views:830
4 Important things to file Divorce in Chennai...
21 Jan 2019     Views:941
How to get Divorce for Muslim Men ...
21 Jan 2019     Views:10092
Offences Under Section 307 IPC Can’t Be Quashed ...
17 Jan 2019     Views:2438
Suspicion, Howsoever Grave, Can’t Substitute Pro...
17 Jan 2019     Views:846
Delhi HC Rejects AJL's Plea Against Centre's Order...
03 Jan 2019     Views:1664
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03 Jan 2019     Views:1472
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20 Dec 2018     Views:1735
Executive Magistrate Cannot Direct Police To Regis...
20 Dec 2018     Views:2221
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20 Dec 2018     Views:1048
recheck...
19 Dec 2018     Views:1285
1984 Anti-Sikh Riots – Delhi HC Upholds Convicti...
12 Dec 2018     Views:1261
Why Lawless West UP Has No High Court Bench?...
11 Dec 2018     Views:1287
Bombay HC Quashes Government Resolution Making It ...
26 Nov 2018     Views:1602
SLP Against Death Sentence Shall Not Be Dismissed ...
26 Nov 2018     Views:1606
SC Allows Live-Streaming Of Public Proceedings In ...
26 Nov 2018     Views:1442
Sexual Offenders Registry For Law Enforcement Agen...
26 Nov 2018     Views:1405
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Men Too Have Right Not To Be Defamed And Denounced...
26 Nov 2018     Views:775
Courts Have To Adequately Consider Defence Of The ...
26 Nov 2018     Views:853
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26 Nov 2018     Views:776
SC Issues Directions On Examination Of Witnesses I...
26 Nov 2018     Views:1598
Aadhaar Held Mandatory For Government Subsidies An...
26 Nov 2018     Views:1074
Legal Article Now Bar Council ID Card Is Valid Id...
01 Nov 2018     Views:1792
SC Sets Deadline On Sale Of BS-IV Vehicles; Says H...
01 Nov 2018     Views:1735
Devotion Cannot Be Subjected To Gender Discriminat...
23 Oct 2018     Views:2919
There Cannot Be Any Mechanical Denial Of Appointme...
23 Oct 2018     Views:2048
Rights Of Accused Far Outweigh That Of Victims, Ne...
23 Oct 2018     Views:1025
SC Strikes Down 158 Year Old Adultery Law Under Se...
23 Oct 2018     Views:1674
Extra-Judicial Confession Of Accused Need Not In A...
23 Oct 2018     Views:1228
Leaders Of Outfits Calling For Mob Violence Liable...
23 Oct 2018     Views:1018
Section 377 IPC Decriminalised Partially By Supre...
23 Oct 2018     Views:1330
New CJI Ranjan Gogoi Is Determined To Ensure Sweep...
23 Oct 2018     Views:1451
Court Must Not Go Deep Into The Matter While Consi...
26 Sep 2018     Views:1616
Reputation Of An Individual Is An Insegregable Fac...
26 Sep 2018     Views:2038
Sec. 498A IPC: Only HC Can Quash Cases On Settleme...
18 Sep 2018     Views:3241
Punjab & Haryana HC Orders Rape Convict, Mother To...
17 Sep 2018     Views:1790
Bombay HC Imposes Cost Of Rs 50K On Petitioner Fir...
17 Sep 2018     Views:1059
Uttarakhand HC Dismisses “Contempt Petition” A...
14 Sep 2018     Views:1166
SC Stresses On Need To Develop And Recognize ‘De...
08 Sep 2018     Views:1109
Mirchpur Dalit Killings: “Atrocities Against SCs...
08 Sep 2018     Views:1223
SC Upholds Pan India Reservation Rule in Delhi; Bu...
03 Sep 2018     Views:1491
NDPS Bail Conditions Discriminatory, Irrational An...
31 Aug 2018     Views:2275
People Without A Degree Performing Surgeries: Utta...
28 Aug 2018     Views:1081
Uttarakhand HC Issues Directions For Conserving ...
28 Aug 2018     Views:1670
12 Year Old Girl’s Rape And Murder: Constitute P...
28 Aug 2018     Views:1285
MP HC To Debar Members/Office Bearers Of Bar Counc...
22 Aug 2018     Views:1029
Special Squad, Police Patrolling Every 24 Hours To...
20 Aug 2018     Views:1130
NRC Being Prepared Under Supreme Court’s Watch I...
20 Aug 2018     Views:1122
Victims Of Crime Can Seek Cancellation Of Bail: MP...
20 Aug 2018     Views:1269
Delhi HC Strikes Down Provisions In Law That Crimi...
13 Aug 2018     Views:1311
Delhi HC Quashes Govt Notification Revising Minimu...
09 Aug 2018     Views:1166
Poorest Of Poor Cannot Go To Private Hospitals: Ut...
07 Aug 2018     Views:1596
How Long Will Lawyers Of West UP Just Keep Strikin...
04 Aug 2018     Views:1502
Courts Must See That The Public Doesn’t Lose Con...
04 Aug 2018     Views:1168
UK Tier 1 Entrepreneur Visa: Overview from Experts...
31 Jul 2018     Views:1064
Enact Law For Safety Of Soldiers Of Jammu And Kash...
23 Jul 2018     Views:1134
SC Advocates Creating A Special Law Against Lynchi...
23 Jul 2018     Views:2300
Matrimonial Discord Can’t Be Considered As Reaso...
23 Jul 2018     Views:2033
Uttarakhand HC Recommends Govt To Enact Legislatio...
23 Jul 2018     Views:2387
High Court Priests Cannot Refuse To Perform Religi...
23 Jul 2018     Views:1596
Uttarakhand High Court Passes String Of Directions...
23 Jul 2018     Views:966
SC Finally Decides Master Of Roster Case...
23 Jul 2018     Views:901
Stone Pelters And Terrorists Have No Right To Life...
23 Jul 2018     Views:1124
Remove Designations Like Police, HC, Journalist, A...
23 Jul 2018     Views:999
Why Centre is Providing Security For Separatists B...
23 Jul 2018     Views:1143
Farmer Suicide Due To Bankruptcy Or Indebtedness: ...
05 Jul 2018     Views:3439
Every Indian Should Salute Brave Soldier Aurangzeb...
05 Jul 2018     Views:2205
Uttarakhand HC Issues Directions To Curb Drug Pedd...
05 Jul 2018     Views:1779
Have A Functional National Law University Within 3...
05 Jul 2018     Views:1468
Establish Regional Bench Of AFT In The State Withi...
05 Jul 2018     Views:888
Cancel Licences of Drivers Using Cell Phones; Helm...
05 Jul 2018     Views:807
Uttarakhand High Court Puts Restrictions On Noise ...
05 Jul 2018     Views:880
Supreme Court To Look Into Validity Of Amended Law...
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Mysterious Deaths, Rapes, Malnutrition, Unsanitary...
29 Jun 2018     Views:1891
No Politics Please Over Plan To Assassinate PM Mod...
11 Jun 2018     Views:1331
Free Mentally Ill Children And Formulate Policies ...
11 Jun 2018     Views:1737
Landmark Ruling By Uttarakhand HC On Solitary Conf...
07 Jun 2018     Views:2103
Right Of Adult Couple To Live Together Without Mar...
06 Jun 2018     Views:1468
Why BJP Will Be Wiped Out In West UP And UP?...
06 Jun 2018     Views:1608
Why UP Has Just One High Court Bench And West UP N...
05 Jun 2018     Views:1066
Women Governed By Muslim Personal Law Can Invoke P...
04 Jun 2018     Views:906
Why Is BJP Not Creating More Benches In UP?...
01 Jun 2018     Views:903
Probation Period To Count For New Civil Servants B...
01 Jun 2018     Views:2427
SC Women Lawyers Association Seeks Chemical Castra...
01 Jun 2018     Views:878
SC Finally Steps In To Expedite POCSO Cases...
01 Jun 2018     Views:1809
UP Former CMs Can’t Stay In Govt Bungalows: SC...
01 Jun 2018     Views:831
Make BCCI A Public Body: Law Panel...
01 Jun 2018     Views:921
Self-Styled Godman Asaram Awarded Life Until Death...
01 Jun 2018     Views:944
Why Cases Withdrawn Against Stone Pelters In Kashm...
01 Jun 2018     Views:1024
A High Court Bench For West UP In Meerut Is Impera...
01 Jun 2018     Views:1128
People Of Karnataka Should Worship Congress...
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Delhi HC Upholds Life Term To Seven Policemen...
19 Mar 2018     Views:903
Finance Act-2018 And Customs Act-1962 (Amendments)...
28 Feb 2018     Views:945
Why No Death Or Life Term For Corruption?...
19 Feb 2018     Views:816
Will Electoral Bonds Usher In Transparency?...
19 Feb 2018     Views:805
How Long Will Lawyers Of West UP Keep Striking?...
19 Feb 2018     Views:876
Finance Act 2018 and Customs Act 1962...
18 Feb 2018     Views:1142
Why Has Stone Pelting Been Legalised In Kashmir?...
12 Feb 2018     Views:881
Shopian Firing: Major's Dad Moving SC For Quashing...
12 Feb 2018     Views:848
Soldiers Have Every Legal Right To Kill Stone Pelt...
12 Feb 2018     Views:1991
Attack On Lawyers: Delhi HC Issues Notice To Delhi...
10 Feb 2018     Views:888
Female Foeticide Must Be Punished Most Strictly...
10 Feb 2018     Views:861
Soldiers Have Every Legal Right To Act In Self Def...
10 Feb 2018     Views:812
New Consumer Protection Bill 2018 Will Entail More...
10 Feb 2018     Views:816
CJI Brings Out A Roster To Allot Cases...
10 Feb 2018     Views:1364
Five Year Jail Term For Lalu In Third Fodder Scam ...
10 Feb 2018     Views:900
SC Quashes All The 88 Mining Leases In Goa...
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Prevention Of Money Laundering Act -2002 (PMLA-20...
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Prevention Of Money Laundering Act-2002 Amended ...
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Prevention Of Money Laundering Act -2002 --U/S 45(...
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Prevention Of Money Laundering Act-2002 (P...
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Prevention Of Money Laundering Act-2002 PMLA...
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Right to Know...
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A STUDY OF CERTAIN DEDUCTIONS ON INCOME TAX RELATI...
29 Dec 2017     Views:1388
Enviornment protection is for saving universe...
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RIGHT TO PRIVACY AND STATUS OF SECTION 377, IPC, 1...
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PROBLEMS WITHIN THE EXISTING POLICE SYSTEM...
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RIGHT TO PRIVACY AND DIRECTION FOR MANDATORY AADHA...
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THE PARADOX OF PLEA BARGAINING...
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JOURNEY OF EVMs AMIDST CONTROVERSIES ...
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2G Scam : The 2G Scam and much more...
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