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International Labour Organization (ILO)
International Labour Organization (ILO)
International Labour Organization (ILO), specialized agency of the UN dedicated to improving labour conditions and living standards throughout the globe.The International Labour Organization became the primary affiliated specialized agency of the United Nations in 1946 established in 1919 by the Treaty of Versailles as an affiliated agency of the League of Nations. In recognition of its activities, the International Labour Organization was awarded the Nobel prize for Peace in 1969.
The International Labour Organization consists of the International Labour Conference, the governing body and also the International Labour Office. These organs fulfill the three main tasks of the International Labour Organization. The International Labour Organization is the only international organisation with such a tripartite structure. Contracting states dispatch delegates to the International Labour Organization organs.
The International Labour Organization is exclusive among world organizations in structure. Therein the representatives of the workers and of the employers have an equal voice with those of governments in formulating its policies. The supreme deliberative body of the International Labour Organization, annual International Labor Conference consists of 4 representatives from each member country. This includes two government delegates, one worker and one employer delegate, each of whom may speak and vote independently. The work of the International Labour Organization between conferences is guided by the governing body, comprising 24 government, 12 workers and 12 employer members, plus 12 deputy members from each of those three groups. The International Labor Office in Geneva, Switzerland, is that the Organization’s secretariat, operational headquarters, research center, and publishing firm. Its operations are staffed at headquarters around the world by quite 3,000 people from approximately 100 nationalities. The decentralization of activities are regional, area, and branch offices in over forty countries.
The functions of the International Labour Organization include the development and promotion of standards for national legislation to guard and improve working conditions and standards of living. The International Labour Organization provides technical assistance in policy. Also International Labour Organization provides administration and in workforce training and it also fosters cooperative organizations and rural industries.
Moreover the International Labour Organization compiles labour statistics and conducts research on unemployment and underemployment, labour and industrial relations, the social problems of international competition, and technological change (including automation); and helps to guard the rights of international migrants and arranged labour.
In its first decade the International Labour Organization was primarily concerned with legislative and research efforts, with defining and promoting proper minimum standards of labour legislation for adoption by member states, and with arranging for collaboration among government delegates, workers, employers, and the International Labour Organization professional staff.
The International Labour Organization is exclusive among other intergovernmental organizations therein its approximately 175 member states are represented not only by delegates of their governments but also by delegates of these states’ employers and workers, especially trade unions. Annually national representatives meet at the International Labour Conference. The International Labour Organization’s executive authority is vested in a very 56-member governing body, which is elected by the Conference. Among the International Labour Organization’s many publications are the International Labour Review and also the YearBook of Labour Statistics.
