• Sign In/Sign Up
  • Menu
  • +Clients Back

    • Get Free Legal Answers
    • Get Fee Estimates
    • Find Lawyers
  • +Lawyers

    • Case Diary & Office Manager
    • Post News & Artilces
    • Post Jobs & Internships
  • +Law Students

    • Campus Ambassadors
    • Find Jobs & Internships
    • Post News & Articles
    • Resource Sharing
  • +Law Schools

    • Post Admissions
    • Post Opportunities
    • Get Law School Rating

  • Home
  • Post Articles
  • Probation Period To Count For New Civil Servants Besides UPSC Marks

Latest Articles

Back

Probation Period To Count For New Civil Servants Besides UPSC Marks

Courtesy/By: SANJEEV SIROHI  |  01 Jun 2018     Views:3474

It must be noted at the outset itself that in an unprecedented move that will significantly alter in a sharp departure from the past the way civil servants are inducted, marks secured by candidates in the UPSC civil services examination may not now be the sole criterion for allotting them the all-India service of their choice. The Centre is contemplating a radical change in the allocation of services to successful candidates of the civil services examination. Such an attempt has never been made before!

                                                 At the behest of the Prime Minister’s Office (PMO), this NDA government headed by Prime Minister Narendra Modi is assessing if the 15-week Foundation Course for new recruits at the Lal Bahadur Shastri National Academy of Administration (LBSNAA) can be turned into a scoring exercise and if the service and cadre can be allocated based on their “performance” there. According to an official communiqué, the PMO has asked the concerned department to examine if the services can be allocated after the completion of the foundation course. PMO feels that the present system merits immediate and radical changes!

                                          As is the norm till now, those who clear the civil services examination conducted by the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) are allotted the Indian Administrative Service (IAS), Indian Foreign Service (IFS), Indian Police Service (IPS) and other Central Services based on their UPSC exam ranks well before the commencement of the foundation course. After that, they are sent to LBSNAA for training which starts with a 15-week Foundation Course before the recruits branch out to service-specific training programmes. In other words, the duration of the Foundation Course for officers of almost all the Central Services is three months.

                                    As per the documents reviewed by the journalists, the PMO now wants to completely alter that process and allot services and cadres to candidates only after taking into account how they fare in the Foundation Course. As per the communication sent by the Personnel Ministry to different cadre-controlling authorities, the PMO has desired to examine if service allocation/cadre allocation to probationers selected can be made after the Foundation Course. It said that, “The departments have been asked to examine the feasibility of giving due weightage to the performance in the Foundation Course, and making service allocation as well as cadre allocation to all-India services officers based on the combined score obtained in the exam and the Foundation Course.”

                                      To be sure, a Ministry official said that the departments have been asked to give their feed back on the proposal to allocate other Central Services such as the Indian Revenue Service and Indian Telecommunication Services. Letters have gone out from the Department of Personnel and Training (DoPT) to various cadre-controlling ministries, seeking their views on the proposed move. The letter dated May 17 from Vijoy Kumar Singh who is Joint Secretary, DoPT to various departments reads as such: “Examine the feasibility of giving due weightage to the performance in the Foundation Course and making service allocation as well as cadre allocation to All India Service Officers based on the combined score obtained in the Civil Services Examination as well as in the Foundation Course.”

                                               Needless to say, if it is implemented, the move runs the high risk of turning the service-allocation as well as cadre-allocation exercise into a subjective process as the Foundation Course, designed to promote inter-service camaraderie, is a combination of activities carried out at the academy. The course consists of academic components such as public administration, law, political science, besides a number of extra-curricular activities such as trekking, village visits and interaction with fellow probationers. Any new change should not be made in a tearing hurry without due deliberation, proper discussion and a thorough debate on its pros and cons because it will have far reaching consequences on the governance quality in our country!

                             At present, the Foundation Course counts for 400 marks, but along with the other phases of the probation period, only goes towards establishing seniority within the batch, and in the IAS, is used as a marker for promotion in the official’s career. The latest move with far-reaching consequences to give weightage to the Foundation Course in determining the services and cadres has divided groups of serving and retired civil servants. While some have raised strong objections saying that the move could give rise to a trend where high-ranking candidates will no longer get services of their choice, others welcomed the idea.

                                               Simply put, Padam Vir Singh who served as Director at LBSNAA and was at the Academy for 13 years before his retirement in 2014 said that, “It was not a bad idea at all”. According to him, the short interview that candidates give, after clearing the UPSC-conducted civil services exam wasn’t enough to “judge them properly”. He also pointed out that, “The idea of including the Foundation Course as part of the overall assessment of the candidate will help in getting the right people for the right service. The probationers themselves will be able to make a better choice after the Foundation Course by matching their ambition with their aptitude.” Upma Choudhary who is current Director of LBSNAA did not prefer to say anything on this.

                                       Wajahat Habibullah who is a former Director of LBSNAA points out in his enlightening article titled “A bureaucracy of our times” dated May 31, 2018 in The Indian Express newspaper that, “The proposal is based on sound management principles. It is unfair to the recruiter and the recruited to fix a career on the basis of a single examination. Multiple attempts are allowed to qualify for the service. Thereafter, upon exposure to the contents of the proposed career, there is neither an opportunity to the employer nor the aspirant to determine whether this is the right job for her. Place this in the modern context, wherein a person whose caliber has been so tested will have many options before her. This is a positive step towards bringing the services in line with modern management practice. However, it will require a host of collateral reforms to succeed.”

                                       Habibullah in this same enlightening editorial further points out that, “The LBSNAA, though ably led and staffed with outstanding faculty, is not equipped to make the evaluation necessary for so large a number of recruits in the short space of a few months. The Foundation Course is designed simply to acquaint the trainees with the service to which they are assigned and with colleagues from different services. It leads to life-long bonding, bringing an esprit de corps. But it is not a testing laboratory, nor can it be in the period assigned for a service of such vital importance. The government ought to reassess the entire structure of the civil service, instead of taking steps in fits and starts, to make public services more management-oriented and relevant to present challenges. The LBSNAA with its superb facilities would be the apposite instrument for formulating such a project. However, it would need to be restructured with training courses redesigned and faculty selected in line with the new demands.”  

 

                                      Truth be told, a senior UP-cadre bureaucrat was not very happy with this and was quoted in various newspapers as saying that, “It is a very bad idea. It will destroy the purpose for which officers go through the Foundation Course. If this idea goes through, there will be maaramaari (tussle). Probationers will compete for every mark so that they get the service of their choice. Sycophancy will reign supreme at the academy.” What wrong has he said? He has a valid point!

                                        As it turned out, another senior civil servant said on condition of anonymity that, “There are village trips, trekking and a whole lot of activities that promote friendship across batches and also help in inter-departmental coordination throughout their careers. If the move is implemented, the Foundation Course will be reduced to impressing the course coordinator and that’s a highly subjective assessment.” Who can deny or dispute this? There is a lot of merit in what he has argued!

                                    Going further, K Ashok Vardhan Shetty who is a retired IAS officer himself and a former Vice Chancellor of the Indian Maritime University while slamming this Centre’s proposal in his enlightening editorial titled “A blow to civil service ideals” published in ‘The Hindu’ newspaper dated May 28, 2018 makes the most convincing arguments and minces just no words in pointing out that, “The government has recently mooted a radical proposal for allocating services and cadres based on the combined marks obtained in the CSE and the foundation course. In other words, candidates who have cleared the CSE will have to wait till the foundation course is over to know which service and cadre they are likely to get. The government has said that  this is a suggestion under consideration and that no final decision has been taken yet. There are good reasons to believe that the new proposal is legally unsound, administratively unfeasible and has not been thought through properly.”

                                         Shetty further rightly points out that, “First, Articles 315 to 323 of the Constitution deal with Public Service Commissions of the Union and the States. Article 320(1) says: “It shall be the duty of the Union and the State Public Service Commission to conduct examinations for appointments to the services of the Union and the services of the State respectively.” Thus, the duty of conducting the CSE is vested only in the UPSC. If the marks secured in the foundation course in the training academy are included for allocation for services, it would make the training academy an extended wing of the UPSC, which it is not. Therefore the new proposal violates Article 320(1).”

                                    Shetty is also right in holding that, “Second, the Chairperson and members of the UPSC are constitutional functionaries. Article 316 provides for security of their tenure and unchangeable conditions of service and Article 319 bars them from holding further office on ceasing to be members. These constitutional safeguards enable them to function independently without fear or favour. On the other hand, the Director of the training academy that conducts the foundation course is a career civil servant on deputation, and can be summarily transferred. The faculty members of the training academy are either career civil servants on deputation or academicians. Neither do they enjoy the constitutional protection that the UPSC members enjoy nor is there any bar on their holding further posts. This means that the Director and faculty members will not be able to withstand pressure from politicians, senior bureaucrats and others to give more marks to favoured candidates. They will actively try to please the powers-that-be in order to advance their own career prospects. There is also the grave risk of corruption in the form of ‘marks for money’ in the training academy. Politicisation and communalisation of the services are likely to take place from the beginning.” Absolutely right! This same argument extends to civil servants being made UPSC members immediately after retirement! This alone explains why I very strongly feel that even bureaucrats should not be allowed to become UPSC members just after retirement because they can be enticed by politicians to favour their kith and kin if they are made UPSC members! UPSC must be prevented from becoming a parking slot for those who are just tools in the hands of politicians! A mechanism must be evolved to check that the Director and faculty members of LBSNAA are totally immune from political interference which is a very difficult proposition!

                                    It also cannot be lightly dismissed what Shetty points out in his third argument. He says that, “Third, the training academy has facilities to handle not more than 400 candidates for the foundation course. If this limit is exceeded, the foundation course will have to be conducted in other training academies situated in other cities. With only about 12 faculty members in the training academy in Mussorie, the trainer-trainee ratio for the foundation course is very high, and it will be impossible to do the kind of rigorous and objective evaluation that is required under the government’s new proposal. Needless to say, the evaluation of the trainees will be even less rigorous and objective when the foundation course is conducted in training academies situated elsewhere. It is well known that competition in the CSE is very intense. The difference of a few marks can decide whether a candidate will get the IAS or, say, the Indian Ordinance Factories Service. Therefore, the inclusion of the highly subjective foundation course marks can play havoc with the final rankings and with the allocation of services and cadres, and ruin countless careers.” Well said!         

                                         Shetty in his fourth and final argument points out elegantly that, “Fourth, while about 600-1,000 candidates are selected every year for all the services put together, nearly 60-70% of the candidates qualifying for the IPS and Central Services Group A do not join the foundation course in Mussorie as they prepare for the civil services (main) examination again to improve their prospects. Clearly, it is not possible to evaluate such candidates in the foundation course as contemplated in the new proposal. They cannot be compelled to attend the foundation course because that would amount to depriving them of their chance of taking the examination again. So, the new proposal is administratively unworkable.”

                                 Bluntly put, there can be no denying that the civil services in India now do need some reforms as the steel frame has rusted over the last few decades! But the reforms must be meaningful and in the right direction! Just inserting ‘cosmetic changes’ and ‘baby steps’ won’t bring about the desired change in the functioning of the civil servants!

                                         Shetty in his concluding remark rightly concludes that, “Nobody denies that the steel frame of the Indian civil services has turned somewhat rusty and need reform. But what is odd about the new proposal is that it seeks to tinker with precisely that aspect of the civil services – recruitment – that is least in need of reform. The real problems of the civil services are not with recruitment; they are with what happens after an officer joins the system. Even the best and the brightest can lose their bearings in a system that places a premium on loyalty, political connections and community/caste clout rather than on merit; in which indecision and inaction are seldom punished, while performers stand a greater chance of getting into trouble as they take more decisions; which pays lip service to honesty but is thoroughly rotten inside and expects officers to either shape up or ship out; in which performance appraisal is based more on the personal likes and dislikes of one’s superiors than on actual work done; in which, as Sardar Patel said, “exercising the independence to speak out one’s mind” means to ask for trouble; and in which frequent, arbitrary and punitive transfers have become the order of the day. The Government of India would do well to fix these systemic shortcomings rather than unsettle the settled method of recruitment.” But the real tragedy is that the Government of India has never been interested in fixing these systemic shortcomings! It never wants to give up its discretionary power of repeatedly extending the tenure of its favourite bureaucrats as Cabinet Secretary even though when it comes to Army Chief, it is not prepared to give even a slight justified extension as we saw in case of Gen VK Singh (retd) whose date of birth was wrongly entered in the records of MS branch which is not the right branch for age proof even though everywhere else in AG branch, his identity card etc his date of birth was the one which was correct! He was forced to retire much earlier! This must end! Even other bureaucrats must be given a chance to become Cabinet Secretary! Just one officer alone should not be given repeated extensions nor should they be made UPSC members immediately after retirement! But Centre never undertakes any reform on this! This is the real tragedy!            

                                         Harsh Mander who is himself a former eminent civil servant questions the latest move by PMO in his enlightening editorial titled “PMO’s proposed changes in civil services allocation are an attempt to weaken India’s steel frame” published in the website Scroll.in on May 30 and minces no words in saying candidly that, “The selection process is untainted by nepotism, by subjective bias and prejudice, by individual likes and dislikes. The suggested reforms would change all this.”

                                                 Harsh Mander in this very same enlightening editorial also pulls back no punches in pointing out that, “During the two decades that I served in the Indian Administrative Service, I would often wonder why our country’s founding fathers and mothers chose to retain in democratic India the permanent civil services patterned closely after the colonial civil services, preserving also its grand trappings of large colonial bungalows and liveried staff. The puzzle was greater in the districts, in which the District Collector functions virtually as the head of a district government. When the country was boldly willing to rely on governments elected through universal adult franchise at the Union and state levels, why did we opt for unelected functionaries selected through a merit-based system to run the district government; after all this was the level of government closest to the large mass of people – the working classes, farmers and homemakers. The same question returned to me when I read of the so-called reform that the Prime Minister’s Office has proposed in the mode of selecting civil servants to various administrative services. At present there is an arduous marathon (to which many bright and ambitious young people devote several of the best years of their youth) of a written examination followed by an interview, supervised by the Union Public Services Commission. This selection process, whatever its flaws, is nonetheless the most credible in the country for its objectivity and integrity (more so than even the selection of the members of the higher judiciary, which remains enveloped in worries about judges choosing other judges on subjective and non-transparent grounds). Candidates for the higher civil services are selected based on their scores in this examination. It is this score which determines if they get the service of their choice: whether the candidate will be a foreign diplomat, an officer initially deputed to run the administration of districts, member of the police, an income tax officer, an official who will oversee the country’s accounts, or one who will manage cantonment lands, or run the country’s railways. The far-reaching change that is being proposed is that the examination run by the Union Public Services Commission would now only determine if a candidate is among the roughly 1,000 or so officers who will be allotted to any of these diverse services (which as you can imagine are vastly differently valued). What the Prime Minister’s Office wishes to do is to evaluate the trainee officers in the Foundation Course, add these scores to their examination scores, and allot them to various services based on this combined score. All officers to all the higher civil services – what are called the Class One services – begin their training together for around three months, in what is called the Foundation Course. This is the only time in their service career that officers allotted to diverse higher services spend time together, and are introduced together to public service.”

                                           While craving for the exclusive indulgence of my esteemed readers, let me inform them that Harsh Mander also in this very enlightening editorial minced no words in making it absolutely clear that he is not very happy with the cureent proposals made by the PMO. He says that, “I am among the many who are intensely alarmed by this proposal, and believe that if implemented it will strike at the heart of, and ultimately destroy, one more public institution among the many that have been profoundly damaged by the Bharatiya Janata Party government led by Narendra Modi. Current selection system is fair One might ask, quite rightly: Does the higher civil not need reform? And if so, what is wrong with trying out what the Prime Minister’s Office has proposed? To answer this, I must return to the question with which I began this essay: Why did newly-Independent India not cast away a civil service established by our colonial masters? Sardar Patel famously described the Indian Administrative Service as India’s “steel frame”. India accomplished freedom amidst fearsome violence based on religious strife. There were myriad other potential fractures in this fledging nation – of language, ethnicity, caste, class and many others. The expectation was that a great deal of this could tear India apart, and that its multiple ruptures could be aggravated by competitive politics. It was a small band of carefully selected civil servants who would be expected to hold the country together, with fairness, firmness, integrity, independence and compassion. This was to be India’s steel frame. At senior levels of government, power would vest with the elected executive, as it should. But here again, it was the higher civil services that were expected to fearlessly offer independent advice to their ministers. Sardar Patel said to his officers, “Today my Secretary can write a note opposed to my views. I have given that freedom to all my secretaries. I have told them, ‘If you do not give your honest opinion for fear that it will displease your Minister, please then you had better go.’ I will never be displeased over a frank expression of opinion.” Looking back to the past 70 years, it is evident to all that India’s higher civil services have failed to live up to the lofty faith that the country’s founding fathers and mothers had placed on them. There have indeed been several civil servants who have contributed valuably to public service and nation building. But taken collectively, as a tribe, there can be no doubt that the higher civil services have let the country down at moments in our history it was needed most. For instance, during the Emergency, during communal massacres such as in Nellie in 1983, in Delhi in 1984, Gujarat in 2002, and indeed the rising tide of mob lynchings in current times, when the Babri Masjid was pulled down, during caste massacres, in implementing land reforms, in building a robust set of public services of education and healthcare for all citizens, and in designing and implementing programmes to combat poverty, to name only a few. If the higher civil services have in these ways failed to live up fully to their promise to the country, why should we not give the proposed reforms a chance? This is because the proposed remedy would be far worse than the malady. For the civil services to fulfil the mandate that the country placed on their shoulders, we require women and men of courage of conviction, integrity, compassion, a deep sense of justice, convinced about the equality of castes and genders, untainted by communal, caste and patriarchal prejudice, and imbued with a deep sense of public service. There is admittedly nothing in the present mode of recruitment of civil servants that tests any of these qualities. What the Union Public Services Commission examinations test is not even high academic merit, but academic stamina and perseverance. But the high distinction of this selection process, unmatched by any other in the public sector, is its integrity and fairness. It is untainted by nepotism, by subjective bias and prejudice, by individual likes and dislikes. The proposed reform would change all this profoundly. The fate of the 1,000-odd officers who are selected for the wide range of public services would now lie in the hands of a few officers appointed to the Lal Bahadur National Academy of Administration who would be empowered to give them scores that would dramatically determine their future lives and work. These assessments would inevitably be highly subjective and opaque, reflecting the ideologies, world-views, social and cultural biases, personal attractions and idiosyncrasies of the superior officers. With all their failings, whatever credibility the higher civil services still retain is because of the undisputed integrity of its selection process. At least the merit of its selection process, whatever its other flaws, cannot be faulted for personal bias, even less corruption. If this proposed change is introduced in the garb of reform, then it will surely be the death-knell of an already enfeebled cadre of public officials. It would also vitiate completely the best period of a civil servant’s training. I underwent the Foundation Course in 1980, and I was a member of the faculty that ran these courses for three years, between 1993 and 1996. We were free to design our training programmes as we chose. In our time, we believed that the early training of the young officers should encourage young civil servants to reflect, question, dissent; to imbibe the values of the Constitution and of public service; to understand the country’s problems, their causes and possible solutions; to combat bigotry and patriarchy; to nurture their idealism; and to encourage integrity, courage, empathy, truth and a sense of justice. These are difficult goals, and our success was at best partial. But think of what would happen if young officers who gather in the Foundation Course realise that the rest of their lives will depend on what a few senior officers think of them. There would be no space whatsoever for any genuine ethical or social reflection or growth. Or indeed to build friendships that sometimes last a lifetime. All that would happen is that from the first day of their appointment, they would learn the lessons of conformity, of sycophancy, and of destructive competition with their peers, leaving no place for comradeship or the kindling or strengthening of idealism. Destroying another public institution The question then arises: Why is Prime Minister Modi contemplating such a fundamental change that would destroy the very institution that was crafted by leaders like Sardar Patel and Jawaharlal Nehru to hold the country together? I can see only one rationale from his perspective. During his entire tenure, his government has packed every institution with persons committed to the ideological world-view of the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh. One institution that it has not had success with so far is the higher civil services: the government is free to appoint persons who lack merit but score well in ideological compatibility to important positions, but it cannot influence the selection of officers of the higher civil services. If the proposed change comes through, then this would no longer be the case. It would be entirely possible for the government to pack the Lal Bahadur National Academy of Administration with officers committed to the ideology of the Sangh, and also to market fundamentalism. They could then select officers with the same ideological sympathies for the most sensitive administrative and police services. What is more, once a government is voted out of power, ideologically committed vice-chancellors, judges, heads of public cultural centres, and so on, can be changed. But not civil servants. They are part of the permanent civil service, and will remain in positions of authority long after a government is removed by the democratic process. The Sangh believes in a Hindu nation, not a nation in which all people of very faith have equal rights safeguarded by the Constitution. In its turbulent four-year stewardship of our country, there is much that the Modi government has destroyed in our public institutions. The civil services is one institution that must be defended, otherwise even its rusted and debilitated steel frame will collapse, and India will lie in even greater danger of falling apart.”

                                        Harsh Mander has a valid point in what he has said. Centre must pay heed to what he has said. After all, he is a former experienced and eminent civil servant  known for his integrity and impeccable character! Centre must not brush aside lightly whatever he has pointed out in his enlightening editorial which I have cited myself in my article.

                                            It has to be acknowledged though that this idea of probation period to be counted for determining the ranking is itself is not new. In 1989, a Committee headed by historian Satish Chandra had recommended that the examination for the recruitment be divided into three stages – the preliminary examination, the main examination as well as a Foundation Course – before the service and cadre is allotted to the successful candidates. The Committee had in turn cited the report of the Kothari Committee (1974-76), headed by scientist and educationist DS Kothari who had a similar opinion. Any decision on this must be taken only after prolonged discussion, meaningful debate and  due deliberation! No tearing hurry should be made in arriving at a decision just to appease the PMO because that can never be good for the long term interests of the civil servants who form the bedrock of the governance in our country!

                                        Many civil servants apprehend that  it could have high potential for misuse. A civil servant added on the condition of anonymity that, “Service allocation after foundation course will have tremendous potential for misuse unless it is done objectively and in a transparent way.” With the proposal coming from the PMO, it would be difficult for the cadre-controlling ministries to say no, he added. Another senior bureaucrat termed the proposal as being “sinister”. “If the service and the cadre allocation are determined on the combined score of the civil services examination and the score or performance of the foundation course, it will dilute the role of UPSC by increasing the interference of the executive,” the officer said.

              Yet another bureaucrat from the IAS said that it would lead to a lot of arbitrariness. “The papers, the subjects…the faculty and also the overall standards ….everything is different for different foundation courses. As result, there would be a lot of arbitrariness in something as crucial as service allocation for which candidates put in so much effort,” the officer said. He also lamented that, “It is also unhealthy to make the probationers compete from day one of their foundation course; the camaraderie among them will be lost.” No doubt, Centre has to dwell, deliberate and debate very minutely and properly on this before taking any decision on this as it will have very potential far reaching consequences for not just civil servants themselves but also on the quality of governance that will be on roll in our country!


Courtesy/By: SANJEEV SIROHI  |  01 Jun 2018     Views:3474

Articles Updates

Supreme Court Greenlights Sub-Classification of SC...
20 Sep 2024     Views:561
Post-Merger Vision: HDFC Bank to Prioritize Profit...
01 Aug 2024     Views:668
Budget 2024-25: Major Takeaways and Financial Proj...
01 Aug 2024     Views:852
Budget 2024-25: Major Takeaways and Financial Proj...
01 Aug 2024     Views:765
The Mandal Verdict: Indra Sawhney and Its Lasting ...
22 Jul 2024     Views:944
Supreme Court Emphasizes Direct and a Specific Ple...
22 Jul 2024     Views:790
Bail and Punishment Provisions of NDPS matters...
05 Apr 2023     Views:4196
The Legal Depth of Cryptocurrency....
14 May 2022     Views:5035
Have You Suffered Harm Due to a Cochlear Implant?...
13 May 2022     Views:5258
When is a Deposition Summary used?...
13 May 2022     Views:5332
Denied! 8 Most Common Reasons for Green Card Denia...
25 Feb 2022     Views:5487
International customary law – a study of the Ang...
20 Feb 2022     Views:9869
How to Have an Essay Written for Free?...
10 Feb 2022     Views:4948
How to maximise a law firm’s success with a virt...
28 Dec 2021     Views:5250
Helpful Math Website for Students - AssignMaths.co...
26 Nov 2021     Views:5662
The Upcoming Municipal Nominee Program of Canada...
29 Oct 2021     Views:5495
Assault with a Weapon: How To Get Your Charges Dro...
28 Oct 2021     Views:2806
Law School Personal Statement Tips for Winning Adm...
12 Oct 2021     Views:2447
Can an Employee on Maternity Leave be Terminated?...
05 Oct 2021     Views:2007
OLD STATUTES MAKING A COMEBACK AMID VIRUS OUTBREAK...
04 May 2020     Views:4905
ARTICLE 141: DOCTRINE OF PRECEDENT...
04 May 2020     Views:21273
Presumptions in Evidence Law...
04 May 2020     Views:8138
Unique use of Technology during covid-19 pandemic...
30 Apr 2020     Views:4531
45 days interim bail granted to under- trial priso...
29 Apr 2020     Views:4065
DOCTRINE OF RES GESTAE...
27 Apr 2020     Views:8749
Rights of the LGBTQI community- a long road ahead....
26 Apr 2020     Views:3864
Measures to protect women against domestic violenc...
26 Apr 2020     Views:3683
United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)...
25 Apr 2020     Views:4716
United Nations Convention to Combat Desertificatio...
24 Apr 2020     Views:3492
Increase in Cyberbullying during COVID-19...
24 Apr 2020     Views:1825
DOCTRINE OF COLOURABLE LEGISLATIONS...
24 Apr 2020     Views:2601
Doctrine of lifting of corporate veil...
23 Apr 2020     Views:2157
Meaning of Legal Pluralism...
23 Apr 2020     Views:1819
Once a mortgage, always a mortgage...
23 Apr 2020     Views:55914
Euthanasia- Meaning and Legality in India...
23 Apr 2020     Views:1735
Judicial activism and Judicial restraint...
22 Apr 2020     Views:1878
Concept of Insider Trading under Investment Law...
22 Apr 2020     Views:2075
Need for Legal Awareness...
22 Apr 2020     Views:2025
Is Extradition a Legal Duty of State? ...
22 Apr 2020     Views:6243
The Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Traff...
22 Apr 2020     Views:1515
Why Dependence On Criminal Law Is Not The Solution...
22 Apr 2020     Views:1541
Uniform Civil code...
22 Apr 2020     Views:1624
VETO POWER AND DOUBLE VETO POWER ...
20 Apr 2020     Views:30511
ABETMENT UNDER THE INDIAN PENAL CODE...
20 Apr 2020     Views:6297
Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, 197...
20 Apr 2020     Views:3134
NATIONAL GREEN TRIBUNAL - CRITICAL ANALYSIS...
20 Apr 2020     Views:5877
LAWS AGAINST ACID ATTACK IN INDIA...
20 Apr 2020     Views:10695
Concept of conciliation...
19 Apr 2020     Views:3316
White collar crimes in India...
19 Apr 2020     Views:2691
No Law To Make Whatsapp Group Admins Liable For Me...
19 Apr 2020     Views:7671
Relationship between International Law and Municip...
18 Apr 2020     Views:54679
International Labour Organization (ILO)...
18 Apr 2020     Views:1810
How is the Law arena affected by COVID-19?...
18 Apr 2020     Views:1423
Motor Vehicle Insurance Law...
18 Apr 2020     Views:1704
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR) AND ITS IMPO...
18 Apr 2020     Views:1802
ENVIRONMENTAL GAINS OF THE LOCKDOWN MUST BE PRESER...
18 Apr 2020     Views:1647
Difference between Kidnapping and Abduction...
17 Apr 2020     Views:3376
JUSTIFYING SC ORDER THAT MANDATES FREE COVID-19 TE...
17 Apr 2020     Views:1413
Evolution of the Nature and Scope of Article 12 of...
16 Apr 2020     Views:6263
Corruption laws in India ...
16 Apr 2020     Views:1795
ADVERTISING LAWS IN INDIA...
16 Apr 2020     Views:2067
The Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons...
15 Apr 2020     Views:1768
Business Laws in India...
15 Apr 2020     Views:3363
The Process of Passing an Ordinary Bill in the Par...
14 Apr 2020     Views:12348
International Committee of the Red Cross...
14 Apr 2020     Views:1677
National Company Law Tribunal...
14 Apr 2020     Views:1767
FOOD ADULTERATION...
13 Apr 2020     Views:3220
The United Nations Rules for the Protection of Juv...
13 Apr 2020     Views:4483
Environmental Protection Act, 1986...
12 Apr 2020     Views:2352
IMPORTANCE OF PRECEDENTS ...
12 Apr 2020     Views:10621
MoHFW and ICMR hold a conflicting statement over C...
11 Apr 2020     Views:1489
Introduction to Income Tax Act, 1961...
11 Apr 2020     Views:6275
DEMOCRACY IN INDIA...
10 Apr 2020     Views:2282
United Nations Law of the Sea Convention (UNCLOS)...
10 Apr 2020     Views:2297
An Overview of Juvenile Delinquency and the Juveni...
09 Apr 2020     Views:2625
How is Absolute Liability different from Strict Li...
09 Apr 2020     Views:25985
International Armed Conflict (IAC) and Non-Interna...
09 Apr 2020     Views:4714
The Concept of Bonded Labour under the Legal Syste...
09 Apr 2020     Views:1681
Why Indian Constitution is called Quasi-federal?...
08 Apr 2020     Views:33249
What should be given primary importance, Human Rig...
08 Apr 2020     Views:1684
Karl Marx: Debates on the Law on Thefts of Wood ...
08 Apr 2020     Views:6390
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Disc...
07 Apr 2020     Views:1714
Legal Rights of Students in India...
07 Apr 2020     Views:3742
International Covenant on Civil and Political...
06 Apr 2020     Views:1609
Plant Quarantine (Regulation of Import into India)...
06 Apr 2020     Views:2822
The Hart-Fuller debate in a Nutshell ...
06 Apr 2020     Views:19298
Convention on Prevention and Punishment of the Cri...
06 Apr 2020     Views:1562
The Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Child...
06 Apr 2020     Views:1555
FUNDAMENTAL RIGHT TO PRIVACY DURING THE HEALTH CRI...
06 Apr 2020     Views:1465
Traditional Knowledge : The Convention on Biologic...
06 Apr 2020     Views:1828
Bailment...
05 Apr 2020     Views:2190
Monopolistic nature of Copyright Societies in Indi...
05 Apr 2020     Views:1874
Marital Rape...
05 Apr 2020     Views:1406
Insolvency and Bankruptcy Bill ...
05 Apr 2020     Views:1366
Manual Scavenging ...
05 Apr 2020     Views:1309
How serious can Online Abuse be?...
05 Apr 2020     Views:1381
Cognizable and non cognizable offences...
05 Apr 2020     Views:6941
Legal Aid In India ...
05 Apr 2020     Views:1724
Basic Structure Doctrine...
05 Apr 2020     Views:1573
Medical Negligence...
05 Apr 2020     Views:1313
Consumer Protection Act, 2019...
05 Apr 2020     Views:1594
Legality of Cryptocurrency in India...
05 Apr 2020     Views:1815
Intimate Partner Violence...
05 Apr 2020     Views:1452
CENTRE USES THE PRETENCE OF ‘FAKE NEWS’ TO SUP...
05 Apr 2020     Views:1316
International Humanitarian Law...
05 Apr 2020     Views:1371
What rights do a disabled person in India have? ...
05 Apr 2020     Views:1739
Universal Declaration of Human Rights...
03 Apr 2020     Views:1651
What is the National Security Act being slapped on...
03 Apr 2020     Views:1362
False News- another epidemic?...
02 Apr 2020     Views:1510
Commercial laws in India a Bird's-eye view...
02 Apr 2020     Views:8896
All About Suo Moto Proceedings...
02 Apr 2020     Views:1783
Intellectual Property Rights...
02 Apr 2020     Views:1492
Alternate Dispute Resolution...
02 Apr 2020     Views:1474
Types of E-commerce Models ...
02 Apr 2020     Views:1466
'Intermeddler' as a Legal Representative under the...
01 Apr 2020     Views:9786
Right to health- A fundamental right...
31 Mar 2020     Views:1524
What is a Green Bond? ...
31 Mar 2020     Views:1421
Defamation...
31 Mar 2020     Views:1389
CONSTITUTIONALITY OF NATIONAL LOCKDOWN...
30 Mar 2020     Views:1589
Positive and Negative Impacts of the US-China Trad...
29 Mar 2020     Views:3176
Public Heath(Covid-19) Rules, 2020...
29 Mar 2020     Views:1316
Opinion | Migration and the Mockery of Lockdown- I...
29 Mar 2020     Views:1349
Female Genital Mutilation- Violation of Human Righ...
29 Mar 2020     Views:1701
Supreme Court’s judgement on Shreya Singhal v. U...
29 Mar 2020     Views:2383
International Court of Justice...
28 Mar 2020     Views:1763
Feminist Jurisprudence...
27 Mar 2020     Views:1901
IP Protection and Diffusion of Environmentally Sou...
27 Mar 2020     Views:2038
Covid-19 fostered Racism ...
26 Mar 2020     Views:1471
Mercy Petition: The Process ...
26 Mar 2020     Views:2680
WTO Work Programme on E-Commerce ...
26 Mar 2020     Views:1570
Comparison between Section 144 of CrPC, lockdown a...
26 Mar 2020     Views:2100
Prison reforms...
26 Mar 2020     Views:1417
How far has the LGBTQI community come?...
26 Mar 2020     Views:1649
Public Interest Litigation...
26 Mar 2020     Views:1661
The Right to information Act- Still a right or not...
25 Mar 2020     Views:1663
Legalization of Marijuana...
25 Mar 2020     Views:1515
Significance of AB PM-JAY in the light of COVID-19...
25 Mar 2020     Views:1391
The History of Magna Carta...
25 Mar 2020     Views:2641
Introduction to Child Rights in India...
25 Mar 2020     Views:6089
CENTRE CANNOT DECLARE AN ORGANISATION POLITICAL: ...
06 Mar 2020     Views:3904
A DECISION MADE BY SC ON AYODHYA VERDICT...
29 Jan 2020     Views:1870
RIGHTS OF TRANSGENDER IN INDIA...
29 Jan 2020     Views:2092
MARITAL RAPE - A NON CRIMINALIZED CRIME IN INDIA...
24 Jan 2020     Views:2122
MISCONCEPTION ABOUT CITIZENSHIP AMENDMENT ACT ...
22 Jan 2020     Views:2040
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE...
21 Jan 2020     Views:2114
Hyderabad Encounter- Human Rights Violation or Jus...
18 Jan 2020     Views:2629
NOTE ON NIRBHAY CASE CONVICTS...
17 Jan 2020     Views:2037
NOTE ON ARTICLE 370...
17 Jan 2020     Views:1992
Rape and Indian laws ...
13 Jan 2020     Views:2617
An overview on Drugs Law...
13 Jan 2020     Views:2194
Mob Lynching: Role of Politics and approach of Jud...
08 Jan 2020     Views:5041
Trademarks: Spectrum of Distinctiveness and Indian...
06 Jan 2020     Views:5802
Women Prisoners ...
23 Dec 2019     Views:2208
Child Care Institutions and its Judicial Interpret...
23 Dec 2019     Views:2309
Smart Contracts and Their Relevance in The Legal P...
19 Dec 2019     Views:1944
Government Vs Opposition on the Citizenship Amendm...
12 Dec 2019     Views:2262
Condition Of Lady Advocates Vulnerable: Lawyer App...
11 Dec 2019     Views:2776
Montesquieu’s Theory of Separation of Powers: Ho...
10 Dec 2019     Views:35307
JUDICIAL REVIEW AND JUDICIAL OVER-REACH: TRANSITIO...
10 Dec 2019     Views:4079
Due Process Of Law For Rapists Must Speed Up Now...
10 Dec 2019     Views:1886
Human Rights Of Women Must Also Be Respected...
09 Dec 2019     Views:1906
Speedy Capital Punishment For Rapists Must Be Ensu...
08 Dec 2019     Views:1959
Why Only One Dhananjoy Chatterjee Hanged Till Now?...
07 Dec 2019     Views:2535
Why No Death Penalty For Gang Rape In India?...
07 Dec 2019     Views:1647
Rape Convicts Must Be Hanged At The Earliest From ...
05 Dec 2019     Views:1672
No Mercy Petition And No Life Term Ever For Gang R...
02 Dec 2019     Views:1974
Section 207 CrPC: Magistrate Cannot Withhold Any D...
02 Dec 2019     Views:3354
UP Bar Council Chairman Harishankar Singh Openly C...
17 Nov 2019     Views:2224
AN UNDERSTANDING OF PRESIDENT’S RULE UNDER ART 3...
13 Nov 2019     Views:3983
COOKING UP A LEGALLY PROTECTED MEAL: A study on IP...
13 Nov 2019     Views:2043
Justice Sharad Arvind Bobde To Be The New CJI From...
31 Oct 2019     Views:2301
UK Supreme Court Declares Prorogation Of Parliamen...
29 Sep 2019     Views:1737
Right To Access Internet Is Part Of Right To Priva...
23 Sep 2019     Views:1761
No Attempt Made To Frame Uniform Civil Code Despit...
19 Sep 2019     Views:1688
A Legal Giant Named Ram Jethmalani Finally Passes ...
09 Sep 2019     Views:1569
Judicial Service – HC Can’t Modify/Relax Instr...
02 Sep 2019     Views:1359
Government Notifies Strict Provisions Of Motor Veh...
31 Aug 2019     Views:1474
NDPS: Reverse Burden Of Proof Does Not Absolve Pro...
30 Aug 2019     Views:2336
Institutional Independence, Financial Autonomy Int...
28 Aug 2019     Views:1395
A Legal Luminary And A Political Stalwart Passes A...
25 Aug 2019     Views:1634
Allahabad HC Bans DJs And Passes Directions For Re...
24 Aug 2019     Views:1375
Delhi HC Refuses Anticipatory Bail To P Chidambara...
23 Aug 2019     Views:1584
Chidambaram Getting No Respite From Courts...
23 Aug 2019     Views:1312
Domestic Violence And Dowry Accused Set Free By Th...
22 Aug 2019     Views:4671
Bombsy HC: Treat every citizen with dignity...
20 Aug 2019     Views:4864
Integration Of J&K With India Is Now Full And Fina...
20 Aug 2019     Views:2394
Second Appeal Not To Be Dismissed Merely On The Gr...
18 Aug 2019     Views:1485
Judge Can Recuse From A Case At His Own Volition, ...
17 Aug 2019     Views:1578
Don't politicize demolition of temples: SC...
16 Aug 2019     Views:4927
Madras Christian College - female students sexuall...
16 Aug 2019     Views:4539
Charged for employing triple talaq...
16 Aug 2019     Views:2307
Earlier Convicted now Acquitted - Lack of Conclusi...
15 Aug 2019     Views:2247
MACAD Scheme to be enforced in Tamil Nadu - 1st Oc...
15 Aug 2019     Views:2173
Filing Of Criminal Complaint For Settling Civil Di...
15 Aug 2019     Views:1617
End Discrimination: Equalize legal age of Marriage...
14 Aug 2019     Views:1463
Madras HC issues directions upon Officers to check...
14 Aug 2019     Views:1990
BOMBAY HC to Civic Bodies: "Own up to your respons...
14 Aug 2019     Views:1499
Infringement of Registered TM "Vistara" - Threat t...
13 Aug 2019     Views:2048
US Citizen approaches Bombay High Court After Bein...
13 Aug 2019     Views:1681
Normalcy need not be restored in J&K instantly : S...
13 Aug 2019     Views:1591
Prohibitory Steps taken against Students for Consu...
13 Aug 2019     Views:1588
Basic Amenities to Traffic Personnel ...
12 Aug 2019     Views:1429
Madras HC upholds the appointment notification of ...
12 Aug 2019     Views:1516
Plea against E-pharmacies struck down by Bombay HC...
12 Aug 2019     Views:1522
Parliament Rightly Makes Triple Talaq Criminal But...
12 Aug 2019     Views:1499
No Tax Deduction from Motor Accident Compensation ...
11 Aug 2019     Views:1606
Delhi HC: Plant 50 Trees, Quash Criminal Proceedin...
11 Aug 2019     Views:1451
Iyal Isai Nataka Mandram should abide by the time ...
11 Aug 2019     Views:1699
Transitory Committee to be formed for Indian Arche...
11 Aug 2019     Views:1483
Outlawing Of Triple Talaq Is Highly Commendable...
11 Aug 2019     Views:1466
Daring Resolve Taken By Centre On Jammu And Kashmi...
10 Aug 2019     Views:1402
M Kavitha’s suspension to be reviewed...
09 Aug 2019     Views:2126
SC: Adverse Possession owing to Title over Propert...
09 Aug 2019     Views:1554
Regulation of Online streaming contents out of the...
09 Aug 2019     Views:1482
Constitution Cannot Be Above Country Come What May...
09 Aug 2019     Views:1502
Ocean waves to be our new energy source...
08 Aug 2019     Views:1899
Delhi HC: Simple language to be incorporated in FI...
08 Aug 2019     Views:1813
THE HIGH COURT OF KARNATAKA ASKED THE GOVERNMENT T...
08 Aug 2019     Views:1358
Victim Has A Right To Assist The Court In A Trial ...
08 Aug 2019     Views:2954
Study of Lakes to be Conducted by NEERI...
07 Aug 2019     Views:1758
SC Denies Permission to Conduct DNA Tests...
07 Aug 2019     Views:1659
Whatsapp's fight against interference with User-Pr...
07 Aug 2019     Views:1485
Evidence Of A Solitary Witness In A Criminal Trial...
07 Aug 2019     Views:1528
High Court of Karnataka set aside the retirement o...
07 Aug 2019     Views:1711
Study of Lakes to be Conducted by NEERI...
06 Aug 2019     Views:1631
History-sheeter kidnaps and rapes a College Studen...
06 Aug 2019     Views:1689
No Room For Sympathy While Sentencing Terror Convi...
06 Aug 2019     Views:1649
Rejected Plea: Declaration of Vande Mataram as Nat...
05 Aug 2019     Views:1890
Madras HC corrects the computation error of Motor ...
05 Aug 2019     Views:1462
Fundamental Right To Privacy Not Absolute And Must...
05 Aug 2019     Views:1674
Diocese of Tanjore Society School gets relief from...
04 Aug 2019     Views:1667
THE TEMPLES IN KARNATAKA NO MORE BE GOVERNED UNDER...
03 Aug 2019     Views:1742
Triple Talaq legislation is challenged in the Delh...
03 Aug 2019     Views:1459
Special Olympics International Football Championsh...
03 Aug 2019     Views:1375
Concession to be given to disabled persons appeari...
03 Aug 2019     Views:2028
Bombay High Court Hears Dowry Case Involving A Civ...
03 Aug 2019     Views:1769
Karnataka High Court on the condition of Roads...
02 Aug 2019     Views:2020
SC ORDERS DEATH PENALTY IN COIMBATORE GANG-RAPE CA...
02 Aug 2019     Views:1568
RBI Changes Features Of New Currency Notes. Bombay...
02 Aug 2019     Views:1419
Interest Of Victim And Society At Large Must Also ...
02 Aug 2019     Views:1451
Abolition of Colonial Decorum in Courts...
01 Aug 2019     Views:5715
Punjab & Haryana HC Bans Use Of Loudspeakers Witho...
31 Jul 2019     Views:2250
ICJ Has Rightly Called Pakistan’s Bluff In Jadha...
26 Jul 2019     Views:1479
Review And Reconsider Conviction And Sentencing Of...
22 Jul 2019     Views:1515
Plaintiff Cannot Be Forced To Add Parties Against ...
21 Jul 2019     Views:1703
Biggest Slap By ICJ Directly Right On The Face Of ...
19 Jul 2019     Views:1433
Delhi HC Imposes Rs. 50,000 Cost On Woman For Fals...
17 Jul 2019     Views:1460
Non-Appointment Of Judges Affects Speedy Justice: ...
16 Jul 2019     Views:1387
Right To Get Anticipatory Bail Is Not Any Fundamen...
14 Jul 2019     Views:1748
Plea For Anticipatory Bail Not Maintainable Before...
13 Jul 2019     Views:1900
Divorce Cannot Be Granted Only On Ground Of Irretr...
11 Jul 2019     Views:1415
Right To Shelter A Fundamental Right; State Has Co...
08 Jul 2019     Views:1505
HC Cannot Reverse Acquittal Without Affording Oppo...
06 Jul 2019     Views:1281
Centre Is Legally Empowered To Create A High Court...
05 Jul 2019     Views:1981
Centre Must Now Immediately Order Creation Of HC B...
03 Jul 2019     Views:1352
UAPA: SC Dismisses PFI Leader’s Plea Seeking Dis...
02 Jul 2019     Views:1543
How To Record The Evidence Of Deaf And Dumb Rape V...
01 Jul 2019     Views:2381
Ban Advocates From Carrying Weapons Inside Court P...
26 Jun 2019     Views:2682
Enact Strict Law To Ensure Personal Safety Of Doct...
26 Jun 2019     Views:2677
Mere Aggressive Behaviour Of Wife Not A Ground Of ...
26 Jun 2019     Views:2809
Court Cannot Destroy Faith & Beliefs Of People: Ma...
07 Jun 2019     Views:1320
Insult Of Soldier In Name Of Law Is Most Disgracef...
07 Jun 2019     Views:1634
Courts Cannot Decide Eligibility And Essential Qua...
20 May 2019     Views:4800
SC Upholds Constitutionality Of Section 23 Of PCPN...
20 May 2019     Views:2679
My Unflinching Faith In CJI Stands Fully Vindicate...
20 May 2019     Views:1842
Solitary Confinement Of Death Convict Prior To Rej...
20 May 2019     Views:2174
Section 498A & 306 IPC: Incidents Which Happened M...
20 May 2019     Views:5675
Why Should UP Have Least High Court Benches In Ind...
20 May 2019     Views:1616
Successive Bail Applications Should Be Placed Befo...
20 May 2019     Views:8874
“Drop This Episode From Your Minds And Gossips...
20 May 2019     Views:1485
Is The Criticism Of In-House Procedure Justified?...
20 May 2019     Views:1698
Mere Pendency Of Civil Case Between Complainant An...
20 May 2019     Views:1414
Section 482 CrPC: HC Should Assign Reasons As To W...
20 May 2019     Views:3161
Delhi High Court Directs Government To Set Up 18 F...
20 May 2019     Views:1505
No New Appointments To Be Made From In-Service Can...
18 May 2019     Views:1356
Only Advocates Can Plead And Argue On Behalf Of Li...
09 Apr 2019     Views:3471
Nations Must Make Gun Laws More Stricter...
04 Apr 2019     Views:4273
SC Designates 37 Lawyers As Senior Advocates...
04 Apr 2019     Views:6750
Adding Additional Accused: To Invoke Section 319 C...
04 Apr 2019     Views:6485
SC Sets Aside Life Ban Imposed On Cricketer Sreesa...
04 Apr 2019     Views:1762
P&H HC Directs Protection Of Honest Officers While...
04 Apr 2019     Views:1550
Death Sentence Can Be Imposed Only When Life Impri...
19 Mar 2019     Views:2102
Islamabad High Court Rejects Plea Against Release ...
19 Mar 2019     Views:2266
Lawyers Resort To Seek Unnecessary Adjournments Am...
19 Mar 2019     Views:2346
Even Poem Can Help Save A Death Convict From Gallo...
19 Mar 2019     Views:2385
Educated Woman Supposed To Be Fully Aware Of Conse...
19 Mar 2019     Views:1402
Jammu and Kashmir HC Upholds PM’s Employment Pac...
19 Mar 2019     Views:1845
Magistrate Shall Specify Whether Sentences Awarded...
23 Feb 2019     Views:2551
Mere Inability To Repay Loan Does Not Constitute C...
23 Feb 2019     Views:3065
Inability To Establish Motive In A Case Of Circums...
23 Feb 2019     Views:2811
Punjab & Haryana HC Issues Slew Of Directions To C...
23 Feb 2019     Views:3104
Court Has to Confine Itself To The Four Corners Of...
23 Feb 2019     Views:1545
Long Pendency Amounts To A Special Reason For Impo...
23 Feb 2019     Views:1612
Successive Applications For Recalling Witnesses Sh...
23 Feb 2019     Views:3156
Lieutenant General (Rtd) Cannot Be Tried In A Gene...
06 Feb 2019     Views:2469
Autonomy Of the Bar Cannot Be Taken Over By The Co...
05 Feb 2019     Views:3166
Casual Act Of Possession Over Property Does Not Co...
04 Feb 2019     Views:2412
No Authority Can Claim Privilege Not To Comply Wit...
04 Feb 2019     Views:2647
Death Sentence Only When The Alternative Option Is...
04 Feb 2019     Views:2732
SC Imposes Rs 5 Crore Penalty On A Medical College...
28 Jan 2019     Views:2014
A Judicial Officer Is Not An Ordinary Government S...
25 Jan 2019     Views:2137
Rape And Murder Of 8 Year Old Girl: SC Commutes De...
23 Jan 2019     Views:2176
Mere Allegations Of Harassment Without Proximate P...
23 Jan 2019     Views:2803
Legal Article Why Should They Speak Lies: Decease...
23 Jan 2019     Views:1690
Can a Economic offender can escape by surrendering...
22 Jan 2019     Views:1567
NCW is a Lame Duck or Legal Guardian for women...
22 Jan 2019     Views:1468
Mutual Consent Divorce Procedure in Chennai Family...
21 Jan 2019     Views:6601
Quick Divorce in India...
21 Jan 2019     Views:1602
4 Important things to file Divorce in Chennai...
21 Jan 2019     Views:1769
How to get Divorce for Muslim Men ...
21 Jan 2019     Views:12002
Offences Under Section 307 IPC Can’t Be Quashed ...
17 Jan 2019     Views:3703
Suspicion, Howsoever Grave, Can’t Substitute Pro...
17 Jan 2019     Views:1551
Delhi HC Rejects AJL's Plea Against Centre's Order...
03 Jan 2019     Views:2531
1984 Anti-Sikh Riots: Delhi HC Awards Life Term To...
03 Jan 2019     Views:2234
SC Dismisses Petitions Seeking Probe Into Rafale D...
20 Dec 2018     Views:2640
Executive Magistrate Cannot Direct Police To Regis...
20 Dec 2018     Views:3198
Why Lawyers Of West UP Are Compelled To Strike Fre...
20 Dec 2018     Views:1800
recheck...
19 Dec 2018     Views:2354
1984 Anti-Sikh Riots – Delhi HC Upholds Convicti...
12 Dec 2018     Views:1961
Why Lawless West UP Has No High Court Bench?...
11 Dec 2018     Views:2259
Bombay HC Quashes Government Resolution Making It ...
26 Nov 2018     Views:2377
SLP Against Death Sentence Shall Not Be Dismissed ...
26 Nov 2018     Views:2436
SC Allows Live-Streaming Of Public Proceedings In ...
26 Nov 2018     Views:2292
Sexual Offenders Registry For Law Enforcement Agen...
26 Nov 2018     Views:4000
Delhi HC Sentences 16 Policemen To Life Imprisonme...
26 Nov 2018     Views:1565
Men Too Have Right Not To Be Defamed And Denounced...
26 Nov 2018     Views:1680
Courts Have To Adequately Consider Defence Of The ...
26 Nov 2018     Views:1537
CJI Ranjan Gogoi Demonstrates His Firm Resolve And...
26 Nov 2018     Views:1469
SC Issues Directions On Examination Of Witnesses I...
26 Nov 2018     Views:3045
Aadhaar Held Mandatory For Government Subsidies An...
26 Nov 2018     Views:1910
Legal Article Now Bar Council ID Card Is Valid Id...
01 Nov 2018     Views:2660
SC Sets Deadline On Sale Of BS-IV Vehicles; Says H...
01 Nov 2018     Views:2488
Devotion Cannot Be Subjected To Gender Discriminat...
23 Oct 2018     Views:3781
There Cannot Be Any Mechanical Denial Of Appointme...
23 Oct 2018     Views:2825
Rights Of Accused Far Outweigh That Of Victims, Ne...
23 Oct 2018     Views:1704
SC Strikes Down 158 Year Old Adultery Law Under Se...
23 Oct 2018     Views:2730
Extra-Judicial Confession Of Accused Need Not In A...
23 Oct 2018     Views:1940
Leaders Of Outfits Calling For Mob Violence Liable...
23 Oct 2018     Views:1713
Section 377 IPC Decriminalised Partially By Supre...
23 Oct 2018     Views:2216
New CJI Ranjan Gogoi Is Determined To Ensure Sweep...
23 Oct 2018     Views:2097
Court Must Not Go Deep Into The Matter While Consi...
26 Sep 2018     Views:2403
Reputation Of An Individual Is An Insegregable Fac...
26 Sep 2018     Views:3185
Sec. 498A IPC: Only HC Can Quash Cases On Settleme...
18 Sep 2018     Views:4103
Punjab & Haryana HC Orders Rape Convict, Mother To...
17 Sep 2018     Views:2473
Bombay HC Imposes Cost Of Rs 50K On Petitioner Fir...
17 Sep 2018     Views:1744
Uttarakhand HC Dismisses “Contempt Petition” A...
14 Sep 2018     Views:1813
SC Stresses On Need To Develop And Recognize ‘De...
08 Sep 2018     Views:1755
Mirchpur Dalit Killings: “Atrocities Against SCs...
08 Sep 2018     Views:1898
SC Upholds Pan India Reservation Rule in Delhi; Bu...
03 Sep 2018     Views:2204
NDPS Bail Conditions Discriminatory, Irrational An...
31 Aug 2018     Views:3064
People Without A Degree Performing Surgeries: Utta...
28 Aug 2018     Views:1821
Uttarakhand HC Issues Directions For Conserving ...
28 Aug 2018     Views:2308
12 Year Old Girl’s Rape And Murder: Constitute P...
28 Aug 2018     Views:2060
MP HC To Debar Members/Office Bearers Of Bar Counc...
22 Aug 2018     Views:1770
Special Squad, Police Patrolling Every 24 Hours To...
20 Aug 2018     Views:1902
NRC Being Prepared Under Supreme Court’s Watch I...
20 Aug 2018     Views:1914
Victims Of Crime Can Seek Cancellation Of Bail: MP...
20 Aug 2018     Views:2070
Delhi HC Strikes Down Provisions In Law That Crimi...
13 Aug 2018     Views:2122
Delhi HC Quashes Govt Notification Revising Minimu...
09 Aug 2018     Views:2076
Poorest Of Poor Cannot Go To Private Hospitals: Ut...
07 Aug 2018     Views:2399
How Long Will Lawyers Of West UP Just Keep Strikin...
04 Aug 2018     Views:2348
Courts Must See That The Public Doesn’t Lose Con...
04 Aug 2018     Views:1864
UK Tier 1 Entrepreneur Visa: Overview from Experts...
31 Jul 2018     Views:1951
Enact Law For Safety Of Soldiers Of Jammu And Kash...
23 Jul 2018     Views:1822
SC Advocates Creating A Special Law Against Lynchi...
23 Jul 2018     Views:3192
Matrimonial Discord Can’t Be Considered As Reaso...
23 Jul 2018     Views:3191
Uttarakhand HC Recommends Govt To Enact Legislatio...
23 Jul 2018     Views:3026
High Court Priests Cannot Refuse To Perform Religi...
23 Jul 2018     Views:2303
Uttarakhand High Court Passes String Of Directions...
23 Jul 2018     Views:1645
SC Finally Decides Master Of Roster Case...
23 Jul 2018     Views:1598
Stone Pelters And Terrorists Have No Right To Life...
23 Jul 2018     Views:2135
Remove Designations Like Police, HC, Journalist, A...
23 Jul 2018     Views:2101
Why Centre is Providing Security For Separatists B...
23 Jul 2018     Views:1889
Farmer Suicide Due To Bankruptcy Or Indebtedness: ...
05 Jul 2018     Views:4652
Every Indian Should Salute Brave Soldier Aurangzeb...
05 Jul 2018     Views:3290
Uttarakhand HC Issues Directions To Curb Drug Pedd...
05 Jul 2018     Views:2608
Have A Functional National Law University Within 3...
05 Jul 2018     Views:2216
Establish Regional Bench Of AFT In The State Withi...
05 Jul 2018     Views:1613
Cancel Licences of Drivers Using Cell Phones; Helm...
05 Jul 2018     Views:1498
Uttarakhand High Court Puts Restrictions On Noise ...
05 Jul 2018     Views:1665
Supreme Court To Look Into Validity Of Amended Law...
05 Jul 2018     Views:1490
Mysterious Deaths, Rapes, Malnutrition, Unsanitary...
29 Jun 2018     Views:2656
No Politics Please Over Plan To Assassinate PM Mod...
11 Jun 2018     Views:2058
Free Mentally Ill Children And Formulate Policies ...
11 Jun 2018     Views:2499
Landmark Ruling By Uttarakhand HC On Solitary Conf...
07 Jun 2018     Views:3086
Right Of Adult Couple To Live Together Without Mar...
06 Jun 2018     Views:2187
Why BJP Will Be Wiped Out In West UP And UP?...
06 Jun 2018     Views:2269
Why UP Has Just One High Court Bench And West UP N...
05 Jun 2018     Views:1799
Women Governed By Muslim Personal Law Can Invoke P...
04 Jun 2018     Views:1547
Why Is BJP Not Creating More Benches In UP?...
01 Jun 2018     Views:1705
Probation Period To Count For New Civil Servants B...
01 Jun 2018     Views:3474
SC Women Lawyers Association Seeks Chemical Castra...
01 Jun 2018     Views:1530
SC Finally Steps In To Expedite POCSO Cases...
01 Jun 2018     Views:2953
UP Former CMs Can’t Stay In Govt Bungalows: SC...
01 Jun 2018     Views:1480
Make BCCI A Public Body: Law Panel...
01 Jun 2018     Views:1806
Self-Styled Godman Asaram Awarded Life Until Death...
01 Jun 2018     Views:1717
Why Cases Withdrawn Against Stone Pelters In Kashm...
01 Jun 2018     Views:1881
A High Court Bench For West UP In Meerut Is Impera...
01 Jun 2018     Views:2066
People Of Karnataka Should Worship Congress...
01 Jun 2018     Views:1899
Delhi HC Upholds Life Term To Seven Policemen...
19 Mar 2018     Views:1612
Finance Act-2018 And Customs Act-1962 (Amendments)...
28 Feb 2018     Views:1738
Why No Death Or Life Term For Corruption?...
19 Feb 2018     Views:1537
Will Electoral Bonds Usher In Transparency?...
19 Feb 2018     Views:1497
How Long Will Lawyers Of West UP Keep Striking?...
19 Feb 2018     Views:1604
Finance Act 2018 and Customs Act 1962...
18 Feb 2018     Views:2073
Why Has Stone Pelting Been Legalised In Kashmir?...
12 Feb 2018     Views:1650
Shopian Firing: Major's Dad Moving SC For Quashing...
12 Feb 2018     Views:1558
Soldiers Have Every Legal Right To Kill Stone Pelt...
12 Feb 2018     Views:2943
Attack On Lawyers: Delhi HC Issues Notice To Delhi...
10 Feb 2018     Views:1531
Female Foeticide Must Be Punished Most Strictly...
10 Feb 2018     Views:1800
Soldiers Have Every Legal Right To Act In Self Def...
10 Feb 2018     Views:1539
New Consumer Protection Bill 2018 Will Entail More...
10 Feb 2018     Views:1570
CJI Brings Out A Roster To Allot Cases...
10 Feb 2018     Views:2106
Five Year Jail Term For Lalu In Third Fodder Scam ...
10 Feb 2018     Views:1634
SC Quashes All The 88 Mining Leases In Goa...
10 Feb 2018     Views:1676
Prevention Of Money Laundering Act -2002 (PMLA-20...
07 Feb 2018     Views:1683
Prevention Of Money Laundering Act-2002 Amended ...
04 Feb 2018     Views:2183
Prevention Of Money Laundering Act -2002 --U/S 45(...
03 Feb 2018     Views:2030
Prevention Of Money Laundering Act-2002 (P...
16 Jan 2018     Views:1736
humanity...
13 Jan 2018     Views:1500
Prevention Of Money Laundering Act-2002 PMLA...
13 Jan 2018     Views:1529
Right to Know...
05 Jan 2018     Views:1992
A STUDY OF CERTAIN DEDUCTIONS ON INCOME TAX RELATI...
29 Dec 2017     Views:2179
Enviornment protection is for saving universe...
28 Dec 2017     Views:1501
RIGHT TO PRIVACY AND STATUS OF SECTION 377, IPC, 1...
26 Dec 2017     Views:1768
PROBLEMS WITHIN THE EXISTING POLICE SYSTEM...
26 Dec 2017     Views:1591
LEGALITY : LEGALITY OF MARITAL RAPE...
26 Dec 2017     Views:2517
RIGHT TO PRIVACY AND DIRECTION FOR MANDATORY AADHA...
26 Dec 2017     Views:1707
THE PARADOX OF PLEA BARGAINING...
26 Dec 2017     Views:2490
JOURNEY OF EVMs AMIDST CONTROVERSIES ...
26 Dec 2017     Views:1614
UIDAI suspends Airtel, Airtel Payments and Banks e...
26 Dec 2017     Views:2105
2G Scam : The 2G Scam and much more...
26 Dec 2017     Views:2339
Kerala teen surveillance case: Invasion of Privacy...
26 Dec 2017     Views:1773
Motherhood or Employment- the judicial perspective...
26 Dec 2017     Views:1797

Most Read Articles

  • Once a mortgage, always a mortgage
    On 23 Apr 2020    Views:55914
  • Relationship between International Law and Municipal Law
    On 18 Apr 2020    Views:54679
  • Montesquieu’s Theory of Separation of Powers: How it has been adopted in India
    On 10 Dec 2019    Views:35307
  • Why Indian Constitution is called Quasi-federal?
    On 08 Apr 2020    Views:33249
  • VETO POWER AND DOUBLE VETO POWER
    On 20 Apr 2020    Views:30511
View all >>

Propertified Propertified Propertified Propertified Propertified Propertified Propertified Propertified Propertified

86540

Lawyers Network

103860

Users

630

Cities Serving

114

Law Schools Network

59824

Law Students Network

About us

  • Company Profile

Indian Major Laws

  • Indian Constitution
  • IPC
  • CrPC
  • CPC
  • Companies Act
  • Indian Evidence Act
  • CGST Act
  • Limitation Act

Policies

  • Terms of Use
  • Privacy Policy
  • Refund & Cancellation

    Ads & Media

  • Resource Sharing
  • Advertiser(Sign Up/Login)
  • Media

    Careers

  • Internships
  • Jobs
  • Student Journalists

    HELP & SUPPORT

  • Contact Us
  • Grievances
  • Test

News

  • Legal News
  • Post Article
  • Post Interview

Legal Library

  • Central Acts
  • Deeds Drafts [1128 ]
  • Legal Maxims

Connect

Lawsisto Direct

 

  •  
  •  
DISCLAIMER
Copyright © Lawsisto Private Limited. All rights reserved.
Unless otherwise indicated, all materials on these pages are copyrighted by Lawsisto Private Limited. All rights reserved. No part of these pages, either text or image may
be used for any purpose. By continuing past this page, you agree to our Terms of Service, Cookie Policy, Privacy Policy and Content Policies.