• Sign In/Sign Up
  • Menu
  • +Clients Back

    • Get Free Legal Answers
    • Get Fee Estimates
    • Find Lawyers
  • +Lawyers

    • Case Diary & Office Manager
    • Post News & Artilces
    • Post Jobs & Internships
  • +Law Students

    • Campus Ambassadors
    • Find Jobs & Internships
    • Post News & Articles
    • Resource Sharing
  • +Law Schools

    • Post Admissions
    • Post Opportunities
    • Get Law School Rating

  • Home
  • Post Articles
  • The Mandal Verdict: Indra Sawhney and Its Lasting Impact on Social Justice

Latest Articles

Back

The Mandal Verdict: Indra Sawhney and Its Lasting Impact on Social Justice

Courtesy/By: PARAM SAKET SARANG  |  22 Jul 2024     Views:1120

The Mandal Verdict: Indra Sawhney and Its Lasting Impact on Social Justice

 

Introduction

The government's decision to impose a 27% quota for Other Backward Classes (OBCs) in central government offices was supported by the Supreme Court in the 1992 case of Indra Sawhney v. Union of India, also referred to as the Mandal Commission case. This important ruling struck a compromise between the needs of social justice and the equality provided by the Constitution. It acknowledged that to remedy past injustices and societal imbalances, affirmative action was necessary, but it also imposed restrictions to avoid overly high reservations. The verdict highlights the continuous significance of the reservation issue in India and its continued influence on the country's reservation laws. Its influence is still felt today, shaping conversations and laws related to equality and social justice.

 

Citations

Indra Sawhney & Others v. Union of India & Others, 1992 Supp (3) SCC 217; AIR 1993 SC 477.

{The Supreme Court Cases (SCC) and All India Reporter (AIR) }

 

The case established several crucial guidelines for reservations in India:-

  • One factor for assessing social and educational backwardness is caste.
  • Unless there are exceptional circumstances, the entire reservation amount should not exceed 50%.
  • The socially advanced individuals who make up the "creamy layer" of the OBCs ought to be denied reservation benefits.
  • Promotions should not be covered by reservations; they should only be made for first appointments.

 

Background of The Case

The Second Backward Classes Commission, led by BP Mandal, delivered its report in the 1980s, which is when the Indra Sawhney v. Union of India lawsuit, also known as the Mandal Commission case, began.

 

The principal incidents that preceded the lawsuit are:

  • To identify the socially and educationally backward classes in India, the Janata Party administration led by Prime Minister Morarji Desai created the Second Backward Classes Commission, sometimes referred to as the Mandal Commission, in 1979.
  • In addition to the current 22.5% reservation for Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs), the Mandal Commission recommended a 27% reservation for Other Backward Classes (OBCs) in its 1980 report.
  • The administration did not, however, immediately put the proposals into practice. The Office Memorandum granting a 27% quota for Socially and Educationally Backward Classes (SEBCs) in civil offices and services under the central government was not released until 1990, under the administration of V.P. Singh.
  • The government's decision was contested by petitioner Indra Sawhney, who said that caste was an unreliable predictor of backwardness, that it contradicted the constitutional promise of equality of opportunity, and that it would negatively impact the effectiveness of public institutions.
  • The government decision was halted by a five-judge Supreme Court panel until the matter was finally resolved.
  • A nine-judge Supreme Court constitution bench heard the petition in 1992 and upheld the government's decision to reserve 27% of positions for OBCs in central government.

 

A historic ruling in the Indra Sawhney case established several significant guidelines for reservations in India and is still valid today.

The Case and Judgment

The government's decision was contested by petitioner Indra Sawhney, who said that caste was an unreliable predictor of backwardness, that it contradicted the constitutional promise of equality of opportunity, and that it would negatively impact the effectiveness of public institutions. The government decision was halted by a five-judge Supreme Court panel until the matter was finally resolved.

 

The case was decided by a nine-judge Supreme Court constitution panel in 1992. The verdict's main conclusions were:

  • One factor for assessing social and educational backwardness is caste. The court ruled that caste can be used to designate backward classes in addition to other variables like occupation, domicile, and financial status.
  • The reservation should not be more than 50% in total. The court stressed that, unless there are exceptional circumstances, the overall reserve should not exceed 50%.
  • The benefits of reservations should not apply to the "creamy layer" found inside the OBCs. The administration was ordered by the court to determine who belongs to the "creamy layer" and to remove them from the reservation program.
  • Promotions should not be covered by reservations; they should only be made for first appointments. The court decided that reservations should only be made for first appointments and not for advancements.
  • The 27% OBC reservation in central government positions was affirmed by the court.
  • The ruling acknowledged the need to strike a balance between opportunities for underprivileged groups and merit. The court contended that the goal of granting reservations is to level the playing field for people who have traditionally been marginalized, not to decrease standards.

 

Effects and Later Developments

The Indian reservation policy was significantly impacted by the Indra Sawhney ruling. As a result, the Mandal Commission's recommendations were put into practice, and OBCs were added to the reservation system.

Nonetheless, others disagreed with the ruling. Some perceived the removal of the "creamy layer" from the reservation benefits as a weakening of the Mandal Commission's initial recommendations.

  • The following years saw several Constitutional modifications aimed at reinforcing the reservation policy:-
  • Article 16(4A) was inserted into the Constitution by the 77th Constitutional Amendment Act, of 1995, giving the state the authority to provide for reservations in promotions for SCs and STs.
  • Article 16(4B) was inserted by the 81st Constitutional Amendment Act, of 2000, enabling the government to treat empty positions for a year as a separate class for reservation purposes.
  • An amendment to Article 335 by the 82nd Constitutional Amendment Act of 2000 states that the claims of Scheduled Castes and Tribes (SCs and STs) will not be deemed to violate the efficiency of administration.
  • Article 16(4A) was retroactively amended by the 85th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2001, to provide SCs and STs significant seniority in promotions.
  • In response to concerns that powerful OBC communities are monopolizing a substantial portion of the advantages, the government is thinking about sub-categorizing within OBCs to guarantee a more fair distribution of reservation benefits.
  • Many governments have imposed or suggested more reserves, frequently going above the fifty per cent threshold, which has sparked criticism and legal challenges. States such as Tamil Nadu, for example, have adopted reservations up to 69% on the grounds of historical and socio-political need.
  • The constitutional validity of these reforms was confirmed by the Supreme Court in the M. Nagaraj v. Union of India case in 2006, but specific guidelines for their implementation were established.

 

Current Situation

  • The Indra Sawhney ruling is still applicable in the current situation. In Indian politics, the subject of reservation—especially for OBCs—remains divisive. The usefulness of the reservation policy, the standards for judging backwardness, and the necessity of routinely reviewing the list of OBCs have all been the subject of continuous discussion.
  • Demands to expand reservation to economically disadvantaged upper caste members have surfaced in recent years.
  • The 103rd Constitutional Amendment Act of 2019 guaranteed economically disadvantaged members of the upper castes a 10% quota in government positions and educational institutions.
  • Nonetheless, the Supreme Court maintained the constitutionality of this change in its 2021 ruling in the Janhit Abhiyan v. Union of India case, capping the overall quota at 50% by the Indra Sawhney ruling.

 

Contemporary Relevance

  • The changing nature of socioeconomic situations means that the standards for classifying people as backward must be reviewed regularly. To ensure a more fair distribution of reservation benefits among the most disadvantaged sectors, the government has moved to implement sub-categorization within OBCs.
  • There is still a lot of discussion in politics over reserve policies. The 10% EWS quota was introduced in 2019 in response to calls for expanding reservations to economically weaker sections (EWS) inside the general category. While not included in the original Indra Sawhney framework, this quota reflects the changing notion of social fairness.
  • Reservation policies are still heavily reliant on the judiciary for interpretation and enforcement. To maintain the fairness and justice of affirmative action, it is crucial to uphold the 50% reservation ceiling and the creamy layer exclusion, as supported by recent rulings.
    The application of reservation regulations is not without problems, even with the protections in place. There is a lot of discussion and court action around topics like the correct identification of recipients, possible abuse of the creamy layer criteria, and the suitability of the 50% cap in tackling socioeconomic inequality.

 

Conclusion

In the annals of Indian reservation history, the Indra Sawhney v. Union of India case continues to be a seminal ruling. It established several significant tenets that now direct the nation's reserve policy. Over the years, the judgment has encountered difficulties and criticism in addition to being commended for its attempts to uphold social justice and equality.

The Indra Sawhney case's tenets will probably continue to influence the conversation on affirmative action and reservations in the years to come as India struggles with the intricate problems of social and economic inequality.

 

Reference

  • SC Pdf:- https://main.sci.gov.in/jonew/judis/16589.pdf
  • Times of India:- https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/readersblog/unswayed-thoughts/indra-sawhney-and-others-v-s-the-union-of-india-43064/
  • The Hindu:- https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/ews-quota-does-not-violate-the-50-limit-in-indra-sawhney-judgment-govt/article67634922.ece
  • Supreme Court Observer:- https://www.scobserver.in/journal/does-the-50-limit-on-reservations-in-indra-sawhney-hold-good-part-ii/

 

 

 


Courtesy/By: PARAM SAKET SARANG  |  22 Jul 2024     Views:1120

Articles Updates

Supreme Court Greenlights Sub-Classification of SC...
20 Sep 2024     Views:893
Post-Merger Vision: HDFC Bank to Prioritize Profit...
01 Aug 2024     Views:797
Budget 2024-25: Major Takeaways and Financial Proj...
01 Aug 2024     Views:987
Budget 2024-25: Major Takeaways and Financial Proj...
01 Aug 2024     Views:888
The Mandal Verdict: Indra Sawhney and Its Lasting ...
22 Jul 2024     Views:1120
Supreme Court Emphasizes Direct and a Specific Ple...
22 Jul 2024     Views:893
Bail and Punishment Provisions of NDPS matters...
05 Apr 2023     Views:4330
The Legal Depth of Cryptocurrency....
14 May 2022     Views:5172
Have You Suffered Harm Due to a Cochlear Implant?...
13 May 2022     Views:5423
When is a Deposition Summary used?...
13 May 2022     Views:5502
Denied! 8 Most Common Reasons for Green Card Denia...
25 Feb 2022     Views:5625
International customary law – a study of the Ang...
20 Feb 2022     Views:10065
How to Have an Essay Written for Free?...
10 Feb 2022     Views:5065
How to maximise a law firm’s success with a virt...
28 Dec 2021     Views:5360
Helpful Math Website for Students - AssignMaths.co...
26 Nov 2021     Views:5787
The Upcoming Municipal Nominee Program of Canada...
29 Oct 2021     Views:5606
Assault with a Weapon: How To Get Your Charges Dro...
28 Oct 2021     Views:2889
Law School Personal Statement Tips for Winning Adm...
12 Oct 2021     Views:2509
Can an Employee on Maternity Leave be Terminated?...
05 Oct 2021     Views:2092
OLD STATUTES MAKING A COMEBACK AMID VIRUS OUTBREAK...
04 May 2020     Views:4997
ARTICLE 141: DOCTRINE OF PRECEDENT...
04 May 2020     Views:21402
Presumptions in Evidence Law...
04 May 2020     Views:8227
Unique use of Technology during covid-19 pandemic...
30 Apr 2020     Views:4601
45 days interim bail granted to under- trial priso...
29 Apr 2020     Views:4142
DOCTRINE OF RES GESTAE...
27 Apr 2020     Views:8847
Rights of the LGBTQI community- a long road ahead....
26 Apr 2020     Views:3954
Measures to protect women against domestic violenc...
26 Apr 2020     Views:3744
United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)...
25 Apr 2020     Views:4811
United Nations Convention to Combat Desertificatio...
24 Apr 2020     Views:3564
Increase in Cyberbullying during COVID-19...
24 Apr 2020     Views:1874
DOCTRINE OF COLOURABLE LEGISLATIONS...
24 Apr 2020     Views:2666
Doctrine of lifting of corporate veil...
23 Apr 2020     Views:2215
Meaning of Legal Pluralism...
23 Apr 2020     Views:1886
Once a mortgage, always a mortgage...
23 Apr 2020     Views:56288
Euthanasia- Meaning and Legality in India...
23 Apr 2020     Views:1802
Judicial activism and Judicial restraint...
22 Apr 2020     Views:1932
Concept of Insider Trading under Investment Law...
22 Apr 2020     Views:2120
Need for Legal Awareness...
22 Apr 2020     Views:2071
Is Extradition a Legal Duty of State? ...
22 Apr 2020     Views:6360
The Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Traff...
22 Apr 2020     Views:1571
Why Dependence On Criminal Law Is Not The Solution...
22 Apr 2020     Views:1583
Uniform Civil code...
22 Apr 2020     Views:1671
VETO POWER AND DOUBLE VETO POWER ...
20 Apr 2020     Views:31208
ABETMENT UNDER THE INDIAN PENAL CODE...
20 Apr 2020     Views:6354
Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, 197...
20 Apr 2020     Views:3188
NATIONAL GREEN TRIBUNAL - CRITICAL ANALYSIS...
20 Apr 2020     Views:5936
LAWS AGAINST ACID ATTACK IN INDIA...
20 Apr 2020     Views:10768
Concept of conciliation...
19 Apr 2020     Views:3371
White collar crimes in India...
19 Apr 2020     Views:2745
No Law To Make Whatsapp Group Admins Liable For Me...
19 Apr 2020     Views:7779
Relationship between International Law and Municip...
18 Apr 2020     Views:54843
International Labour Organization (ILO)...
18 Apr 2020     Views:1867
How is the Law arena affected by COVID-19?...
18 Apr 2020     Views:1462
Motor Vehicle Insurance Law...
18 Apr 2020     Views:1745
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR) AND ITS IMPO...
18 Apr 2020     Views:1889
ENVIRONMENTAL GAINS OF THE LOCKDOWN MUST BE PRESER...
18 Apr 2020     Views:1694
Difference between Kidnapping and Abduction...
17 Apr 2020     Views:3431
JUSTIFYING SC ORDER THAT MANDATES FREE COVID-19 TE...
17 Apr 2020     Views:1463
Evolution of the Nature and Scope of Article 12 of...
16 Apr 2020     Views:6348
Corruption laws in India ...
16 Apr 2020     Views:1850
ADVERTISING LAWS IN INDIA...
16 Apr 2020     Views:2134
The Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons...
15 Apr 2020     Views:1821
Business Laws in India...
15 Apr 2020     Views:3412
The Process of Passing an Ordinary Bill in the Par...
14 Apr 2020     Views:12439
International Committee of the Red Cross...
14 Apr 2020     Views:1727
National Company Law Tribunal...
14 Apr 2020     Views:1831
FOOD ADULTERATION...
13 Apr 2020     Views:3288
The United Nations Rules for the Protection of Juv...
13 Apr 2020     Views:4591
Environmental Protection Act, 1986...
12 Apr 2020     Views:2401
IMPORTANCE OF PRECEDENTS ...
12 Apr 2020     Views:10713
MoHFW and ICMR hold a conflicting statement over C...
11 Apr 2020     Views:1530
Introduction to Income Tax Act, 1961...
11 Apr 2020     Views:6328
DEMOCRACY IN INDIA...
10 Apr 2020     Views:2330
United Nations Law of the Sea Convention (UNCLOS)...
10 Apr 2020     Views:2362
An Overview of Juvenile Delinquency and the Juveni...
09 Apr 2020     Views:2678
How is Absolute Liability different from Strict Li...
09 Apr 2020     Views:26097
International Armed Conflict (IAC) and Non-Interna...
09 Apr 2020     Views:4858
The Concept of Bonded Labour under the Legal Syste...
09 Apr 2020     Views:1734
Why Indian Constitution is called Quasi-federal?...
08 Apr 2020     Views:33456
What should be given primary importance, Human Rig...
08 Apr 2020     Views:1732
Karl Marx: Debates on the Law on Thefts of Wood ...
08 Apr 2020     Views:6627
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Disc...
07 Apr 2020     Views:1758
Legal Rights of Students in India...
07 Apr 2020     Views:3797
International Covenant on Civil and Political...
06 Apr 2020     Views:1710
Plant Quarantine (Regulation of Import into India)...
06 Apr 2020     Views:2907
The Hart-Fuller debate in a Nutshell ...
06 Apr 2020     Views:19829
Convention on Prevention and Punishment of the Cri...
06 Apr 2020     Views:1608
The Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Child...
06 Apr 2020     Views:1598
FUNDAMENTAL RIGHT TO PRIVACY DURING THE HEALTH CRI...
06 Apr 2020     Views:1505
Traditional Knowledge : The Convention on Biologic...
06 Apr 2020     Views:1884
Bailment...
05 Apr 2020     Views:2279
Monopolistic nature of Copyright Societies in Indi...
05 Apr 2020     Views:1919
Marital Rape...
05 Apr 2020     Views:1459
Insolvency and Bankruptcy Bill ...
05 Apr 2020     Views:1411
Manual Scavenging ...
05 Apr 2020     Views:1348
How serious can Online Abuse be?...
05 Apr 2020     Views:1418
Cognizable and non cognizable offences...
05 Apr 2020     Views:7049
Legal Aid In India ...
05 Apr 2020     Views:1781
Basic Structure Doctrine...
05 Apr 2020     Views:1623
Medical Negligence...
05 Apr 2020     Views:1360
Consumer Protection Act, 2019...
05 Apr 2020     Views:1676
Legality of Cryptocurrency in India...
05 Apr 2020     Views:1859
Intimate Partner Violence...
05 Apr 2020     Views:1508
CENTRE USES THE PRETENCE OF ‘FAKE NEWS’ TO SUP...
05 Apr 2020     Views:1364
International Humanitarian Law...
05 Apr 2020     Views:1423
What rights do a disabled person in India have? ...
05 Apr 2020     Views:1810
Universal Declaration of Human Rights...
03 Apr 2020     Views:1710
What is the National Security Act being slapped on...
03 Apr 2020     Views:1413
False News- another epidemic?...
02 Apr 2020     Views:1554
Commercial laws in India a Bird's-eye view...
02 Apr 2020     Views:8986
All About Suo Moto Proceedings...
02 Apr 2020     Views:1843
Intellectual Property Rights...
02 Apr 2020     Views:1547
Alternate Dispute Resolution...
02 Apr 2020     Views:1520
Types of E-commerce Models ...
02 Apr 2020     Views:1526
'Intermeddler' as a Legal Representative under the...
01 Apr 2020     Views:9976
Right to health- A fundamental right...
31 Mar 2020     Views:1589
What is a Green Bond? ...
31 Mar 2020     Views:1465
Defamation...
31 Mar 2020     Views:1445
CONSTITUTIONALITY OF NATIONAL LOCKDOWN...
30 Mar 2020     Views:1647
Positive and Negative Impacts of the US-China Trad...
29 Mar 2020     Views:3333
Public Heath(Covid-19) Rules, 2020...
29 Mar 2020     Views:1361
Opinion | Migration and the Mockery of Lockdown- I...
29 Mar 2020     Views:1393
Female Genital Mutilation- Violation of Human Righ...
29 Mar 2020     Views:1747
Supreme Court’s judgement on Shreya Singhal v. U...
29 Mar 2020     Views:2461
International Court of Justice...
28 Mar 2020     Views:1803
Feminist Jurisprudence...
27 Mar 2020     Views:1951
IP Protection and Diffusion of Environmentally Sou...
27 Mar 2020     Views:2086
Covid-19 fostered Racism ...
26 Mar 2020     Views:1520
Mercy Petition: The Process ...
26 Mar 2020     Views:2746
WTO Work Programme on E-Commerce ...
26 Mar 2020     Views:1626
Comparison between Section 144 of CrPC, lockdown a...
26 Mar 2020     Views:2149
Prison reforms...
26 Mar 2020     Views:1457
How far has the LGBTQI community come?...
26 Mar 2020     Views:1697
Public Interest Litigation...
26 Mar 2020     Views:1714
The Right to information Act- Still a right or not...
25 Mar 2020     Views:1701
Legalization of Marijuana...
25 Mar 2020     Views:1550
Significance of AB PM-JAY in the light of COVID-19...
25 Mar 2020     Views:1434
The History of Magna Carta...
25 Mar 2020     Views:2754
Introduction to Child Rights in India...
25 Mar 2020     Views:6183
CENTRE CANNOT DECLARE AN ORGANISATION POLITICAL: ...
06 Mar 2020     Views:3953
A DECISION MADE BY SC ON AYODHYA VERDICT...
29 Jan 2020     Views:1919
RIGHTS OF TRANSGENDER IN INDIA...
29 Jan 2020     Views:2150
MARITAL RAPE - A NON CRIMINALIZED CRIME IN INDIA...
24 Jan 2020     Views:2185
MISCONCEPTION ABOUT CITIZENSHIP AMENDMENT ACT ...
22 Jan 2020     Views:2096
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE...
21 Jan 2020     Views:2164
Hyderabad Encounter- Human Rights Violation or Jus...
18 Jan 2020     Views:2682
NOTE ON NIRBHAY CASE CONVICTS...
17 Jan 2020     Views:2084
NOTE ON ARTICLE 370...
17 Jan 2020     Views:2038
Rape and Indian laws ...
13 Jan 2020     Views:2681
An overview on Drugs Law...
13 Jan 2020     Views:2240
Mob Lynching: Role of Politics and approach of Jud...
08 Jan 2020     Views:5130
Trademarks: Spectrum of Distinctiveness and Indian...
06 Jan 2020     Views:5884
Women Prisoners ...
23 Dec 2019     Views:2260
Child Care Institutions and its Judicial Interpret...
23 Dec 2019     Views:2360
Smart Contracts and Their Relevance in The Legal P...
19 Dec 2019     Views:1994
Government Vs Opposition on the Citizenship Amendm...
12 Dec 2019     Views:2309
Condition Of Lady Advocates Vulnerable: Lawyer App...
11 Dec 2019     Views:2834
Montesquieu’s Theory of Separation of Powers: Ho...
10 Dec 2019     Views:35457
JUDICIAL REVIEW AND JUDICIAL OVER-REACH: TRANSITIO...
10 Dec 2019     Views:4163
Due Process Of Law For Rapists Must Speed Up Now...
10 Dec 2019     Views:1942
Human Rights Of Women Must Also Be Respected...
09 Dec 2019     Views:1951
Speedy Capital Punishment For Rapists Must Be Ensu...
08 Dec 2019     Views:2017
Why Only One Dhananjoy Chatterjee Hanged Till Now?...
07 Dec 2019     Views:2607
Why No Death Penalty For Gang Rape In India?...
07 Dec 2019     Views:1700
Rape Convicts Must Be Hanged At The Earliest From ...
05 Dec 2019     Views:1716
No Mercy Petition And No Life Term Ever For Gang R...
02 Dec 2019     Views:2034
Section 207 CrPC: Magistrate Cannot Withhold Any D...
02 Dec 2019     Views:3414
UP Bar Council Chairman Harishankar Singh Openly C...
17 Nov 2019     Views:2279
AN UNDERSTANDING OF PRESIDENT’S RULE UNDER ART 3...
13 Nov 2019     Views:4091
COOKING UP A LEGALLY PROTECTED MEAL: A study on IP...
13 Nov 2019     Views:2094
Justice Sharad Arvind Bobde To Be The New CJI From...
31 Oct 2019     Views:2360
UK Supreme Court Declares Prorogation Of Parliamen...
29 Sep 2019     Views:1781
Right To Access Internet Is Part Of Right To Priva...
23 Sep 2019     Views:1814
No Attempt Made To Frame Uniform Civil Code Despit...
19 Sep 2019     Views:1733
A Legal Giant Named Ram Jethmalani Finally Passes ...
09 Sep 2019     Views:1610
Judicial Service – HC Can’t Modify/Relax Instr...
02 Sep 2019     Views:1398
Government Notifies Strict Provisions Of Motor Veh...
31 Aug 2019     Views:1514
NDPS: Reverse Burden Of Proof Does Not Absolve Pro...
30 Aug 2019     Views:2377
Institutional Independence, Financial Autonomy Int...
28 Aug 2019     Views:1447
A Legal Luminary And A Political Stalwart Passes A...
25 Aug 2019     Views:1678
Allahabad HC Bans DJs And Passes Directions For Re...
24 Aug 2019     Views:1424
Delhi HC Refuses Anticipatory Bail To P Chidambara...
23 Aug 2019     Views:1643
Chidambaram Getting No Respite From Courts...
23 Aug 2019     Views:1356
Domestic Violence And Dowry Accused Set Free By Th...
22 Aug 2019     Views:4763
Bombsy HC: Treat every citizen with dignity...
20 Aug 2019     Views:4958
Integration Of J&K With India Is Now Full And Fina...
20 Aug 2019     Views:2462
Second Appeal Not To Be Dismissed Merely On The Gr...
18 Aug 2019     Views:1525
Judge Can Recuse From A Case At His Own Volition, ...
17 Aug 2019     Views:1628
Don't politicize demolition of temples: SC...
16 Aug 2019     Views:5019
Madras Christian College - female students sexuall...
16 Aug 2019     Views:4626
Charged for employing triple talaq...
16 Aug 2019     Views:2363
Earlier Convicted now Acquitted - Lack of Conclusi...
15 Aug 2019     Views:2308
MACAD Scheme to be enforced in Tamil Nadu - 1st Oc...
15 Aug 2019     Views:2219
Filing Of Criminal Complaint For Settling Civil Di...
15 Aug 2019     Views:1659
End Discrimination: Equalize legal age of Marriage...
14 Aug 2019     Views:1512
Madras HC issues directions upon Officers to check...
14 Aug 2019     Views:2043
BOMBAY HC to Civic Bodies: "Own up to your respons...
14 Aug 2019     Views:1540
Infringement of Registered TM "Vistara" - Threat t...
13 Aug 2019     Views:2114
US Citizen approaches Bombay High Court After Bein...
13 Aug 2019     Views:1738
Normalcy need not be restored in J&K instantly : S...
13 Aug 2019     Views:1650
Prohibitory Steps taken against Students for Consu...
13 Aug 2019     Views:1640
Basic Amenities to Traffic Personnel ...
12 Aug 2019     Views:1473
Madras HC upholds the appointment notification of ...
12 Aug 2019     Views:1574
Plea against E-pharmacies struck down by Bombay HC...
12 Aug 2019     Views:1574
Parliament Rightly Makes Triple Talaq Criminal But...
12 Aug 2019     Views:1541
No Tax Deduction from Motor Accident Compensation ...
11 Aug 2019     Views:1672
Delhi HC: Plant 50 Trees, Quash Criminal Proceedin...
11 Aug 2019     Views:1511
Iyal Isai Nataka Mandram should abide by the time ...
11 Aug 2019     Views:1750
Transitory Committee to be formed for Indian Arche...
11 Aug 2019     Views:1522
Outlawing Of Triple Talaq Is Highly Commendable...
11 Aug 2019     Views:1508
Daring Resolve Taken By Centre On Jammu And Kashmi...
10 Aug 2019     Views:1455
M Kavitha’s suspension to be reviewed...
09 Aug 2019     Views:2164
SC: Adverse Possession owing to Title over Propert...
09 Aug 2019     Views:1610
Regulation of Online streaming contents out of the...
09 Aug 2019     Views:1528
Constitution Cannot Be Above Country Come What May...
09 Aug 2019     Views:1551
Ocean waves to be our new energy source...
08 Aug 2019     Views:1949
Delhi HC: Simple language to be incorporated in FI...
08 Aug 2019     Views:1865
THE HIGH COURT OF KARNATAKA ASKED THE GOVERNMENT T...
08 Aug 2019     Views:1397
Victim Has A Right To Assist The Court In A Trial ...
08 Aug 2019     Views:2999
Study of Lakes to be Conducted by NEERI...
07 Aug 2019     Views:1809
SC Denies Permission to Conduct DNA Tests...
07 Aug 2019     Views:1713
Whatsapp's fight against interference with User-Pr...
07 Aug 2019     Views:1523
Evidence Of A Solitary Witness In A Criminal Trial...
07 Aug 2019     Views:1580
High Court of Karnataka set aside the retirement o...
07 Aug 2019     Views:1764
Study of Lakes to be Conducted by NEERI...
06 Aug 2019     Views:1683
History-sheeter kidnaps and rapes a College Studen...
06 Aug 2019     Views:1749
No Room For Sympathy While Sentencing Terror Convi...
06 Aug 2019     Views:1708
Rejected Plea: Declaration of Vande Mataram as Nat...
05 Aug 2019     Views:1933
Madras HC corrects the computation error of Motor ...
05 Aug 2019     Views:1509
Fundamental Right To Privacy Not Absolute And Must...
05 Aug 2019     Views:1799
Diocese of Tanjore Society School gets relief from...
04 Aug 2019     Views:1717
THE TEMPLES IN KARNATAKA NO MORE BE GOVERNED UNDER...
03 Aug 2019     Views:1787
Triple Talaq legislation is challenged in the Delh...
03 Aug 2019     Views:1499
Special Olympics International Football Championsh...
03 Aug 2019     Views:1415
Concession to be given to disabled persons appeari...
03 Aug 2019     Views:2073
Bombay High Court Hears Dowry Case Involving A Civ...
03 Aug 2019     Views:1820
Karnataka High Court on the condition of Roads...
02 Aug 2019     Views:2082
SC ORDERS DEATH PENALTY IN COIMBATORE GANG-RAPE CA...
02 Aug 2019     Views:1612
RBI Changes Features Of New Currency Notes. Bombay...
02 Aug 2019     Views:1469
Interest Of Victim And Society At Large Must Also ...
02 Aug 2019     Views:1502
Abolition of Colonial Decorum in Courts...
01 Aug 2019     Views:5769
Punjab & Haryana HC Bans Use Of Loudspeakers Witho...
31 Jul 2019     Views:2328
ICJ Has Rightly Called Pakistan’s Bluff In Jadha...
26 Jul 2019     Views:1525
Review And Reconsider Conviction And Sentencing Of...
22 Jul 2019     Views:1563
Plaintiff Cannot Be Forced To Add Parties Against ...
21 Jul 2019     Views:1781
Biggest Slap By ICJ Directly Right On The Face Of ...
19 Jul 2019     Views:1483
Delhi HC Imposes Rs. 50,000 Cost On Woman For Fals...
17 Jul 2019     Views:1511
Non-Appointment Of Judges Affects Speedy Justice: ...
16 Jul 2019     Views:1432
Right To Get Anticipatory Bail Is Not Any Fundamen...
14 Jul 2019     Views:1800
Plea For Anticipatory Bail Not Maintainable Before...
13 Jul 2019     Views:1952
Divorce Cannot Be Granted Only On Ground Of Irretr...
11 Jul 2019     Views:1449
Right To Shelter A Fundamental Right; State Has Co...
08 Jul 2019     Views:1578
HC Cannot Reverse Acquittal Without Affording Oppo...
06 Jul 2019     Views:1337
Centre Is Legally Empowered To Create A High Court...
05 Jul 2019     Views:2029
Centre Must Now Immediately Order Creation Of HC B...
03 Jul 2019     Views:1399
UAPA: SC Dismisses PFI Leader’s Plea Seeking Dis...
02 Jul 2019     Views:1584
How To Record The Evidence Of Deaf And Dumb Rape V...
01 Jul 2019     Views:2431
Ban Advocates From Carrying Weapons Inside Court P...
26 Jun 2019     Views:2758
Enact Strict Law To Ensure Personal Safety Of Doct...
26 Jun 2019     Views:2742
Mere Aggressive Behaviour Of Wife Not A Ground Of ...
26 Jun 2019     Views:2880
Court Cannot Destroy Faith & Beliefs Of People: Ma...
07 Jun 2019     Views:1374
Insult Of Soldier In Name Of Law Is Most Disgracef...
07 Jun 2019     Views:1680
Courts Cannot Decide Eligibility And Essential Qua...
20 May 2019     Views:4970
SC Upholds Constitutionality Of Section 23 Of PCPN...
20 May 2019     Views:2749
My Unflinching Faith In CJI Stands Fully Vindicate...
20 May 2019     Views:1900
Solitary Confinement Of Death Convict Prior To Rej...
20 May 2019     Views:2234
Section 498A & 306 IPC: Incidents Which Happened M...
20 May 2019     Views:5730
Why Should UP Have Least High Court Benches In Ind...
20 May 2019     Views:1667
Successive Bail Applications Should Be Placed Befo...
20 May 2019     Views:8989
“Drop This Episode From Your Minds And Gossips...
20 May 2019     Views:1534
Is The Criticism Of In-House Procedure Justified?...
20 May 2019     Views:1751
Mere Pendency Of Civil Case Between Complainant An...
20 May 2019     Views:1462
Section 482 CrPC: HC Should Assign Reasons As To W...
20 May 2019     Views:3207
Delhi High Court Directs Government To Set Up 18 F...
20 May 2019     Views:1555
No New Appointments To Be Made From In-Service Can...
18 May 2019     Views:1398
Only Advocates Can Plead And Argue On Behalf Of Li...
09 Apr 2019     Views:3539
Nations Must Make Gun Laws More Stricter...
04 Apr 2019     Views:4352
SC Designates 37 Lawyers As Senior Advocates...
04 Apr 2019     Views:7557
Adding Additional Accused: To Invoke Section 319 C...
04 Apr 2019     Views:6633
SC Sets Aside Life Ban Imposed On Cricketer Sreesa...
04 Apr 2019     Views:1807
P&H HC Directs Protection Of Honest Officers While...
04 Apr 2019     Views:1595
Death Sentence Can Be Imposed Only When Life Impri...
19 Mar 2019     Views:2149
Islamabad High Court Rejects Plea Against Release ...
19 Mar 2019     Views:2311
Lawyers Resort To Seek Unnecessary Adjournments Am...
19 Mar 2019     Views:2400
Even Poem Can Help Save A Death Convict From Gallo...
19 Mar 2019     Views:2434
Educated Woman Supposed To Be Fully Aware Of Conse...
19 Mar 2019     Views:1445
Jammu and Kashmir HC Upholds PM’s Employment Pac...
19 Mar 2019     Views:1897
Magistrate Shall Specify Whether Sentences Awarded...
23 Feb 2019     Views:2615
Mere Inability To Repay Loan Does Not Constitute C...
23 Feb 2019     Views:3137
Inability To Establish Motive In A Case Of Circums...
23 Feb 2019     Views:2868
Punjab & Haryana HC Issues Slew Of Directions To C...
23 Feb 2019     Views:3163
Court Has to Confine Itself To The Four Corners Of...
23 Feb 2019     Views:1594
Long Pendency Amounts To A Special Reason For Impo...
23 Feb 2019     Views:1661
Successive Applications For Recalling Witnesses Sh...
23 Feb 2019     Views:3240
Lieutenant General (Rtd) Cannot Be Tried In A Gene...
06 Feb 2019     Views:2553
Autonomy Of the Bar Cannot Be Taken Over By The Co...
05 Feb 2019     Views:3228
Casual Act Of Possession Over Property Does Not Co...
04 Feb 2019     Views:2469
No Authority Can Claim Privilege Not To Comply Wit...
04 Feb 2019     Views:2715
Death Sentence Only When The Alternative Option Is...
04 Feb 2019     Views:2790
SC Imposes Rs 5 Crore Penalty On A Medical College...
28 Jan 2019     Views:2062
A Judicial Officer Is Not An Ordinary Government S...
25 Jan 2019     Views:2179
Rape And Murder Of 8 Year Old Girl: SC Commutes De...
23 Jan 2019     Views:2226
Mere Allegations Of Harassment Without Proximate P...
23 Jan 2019     Views:2846
Legal Article Why Should They Speak Lies: Decease...
23 Jan 2019     Views:1746
Can a Economic offender can escape by surrendering...
22 Jan 2019     Views:1618
NCW is a Lame Duck or Legal Guardian for women...
22 Jan 2019     Views:1511
Mutual Consent Divorce Procedure in Chennai Family...
21 Jan 2019     Views:6698
Quick Divorce in India...
21 Jan 2019     Views:1654
4 Important things to file Divorce in Chennai...
21 Jan 2019     Views:1828
How to get Divorce for Muslim Men ...
21 Jan 2019     Views:12051
Offences Under Section 307 IPC Can’t Be Quashed ...
17 Jan 2019     Views:3805
Suspicion, Howsoever Grave, Can’t Substitute Pro...
17 Jan 2019     Views:1593
Delhi HC Rejects AJL's Plea Against Centre's Order...
03 Jan 2019     Views:2594
1984 Anti-Sikh Riots: Delhi HC Awards Life Term To...
03 Jan 2019     Views:2284
SC Dismisses Petitions Seeking Probe Into Rafale D...
20 Dec 2018     Views:2686
Executive Magistrate Cannot Direct Police To Regis...
20 Dec 2018     Views:3264
Why Lawyers Of West UP Are Compelled To Strike Fre...
20 Dec 2018     Views:1872
recheck...
19 Dec 2018     Views:2397
1984 Anti-Sikh Riots – Delhi HC Upholds Convicti...
12 Dec 2018     Views:2012
Why Lawless West UP Has No High Court Bench?...
11 Dec 2018     Views:2306
Bombay HC Quashes Government Resolution Making It ...
26 Nov 2018     Views:2438
SLP Against Death Sentence Shall Not Be Dismissed ...
26 Nov 2018     Views:2494
SC Allows Live-Streaming Of Public Proceedings In ...
26 Nov 2018     Views:2354
Sexual Offenders Registry For Law Enforcement Agen...
26 Nov 2018     Views:4487
Delhi HC Sentences 16 Policemen To Life Imprisonme...
26 Nov 2018     Views:1606
Men Too Have Right Not To Be Defamed And Denounced...
26 Nov 2018     Views:1731
Courts Have To Adequately Consider Defence Of The ...
26 Nov 2018     Views:1580
CJI Ranjan Gogoi Demonstrates His Firm Resolve And...
26 Nov 2018     Views:1516
SC Issues Directions On Examination Of Witnesses I...
26 Nov 2018     Views:3148
Aadhaar Held Mandatory For Government Subsidies An...
26 Nov 2018     Views:1976
Legal Article Now Bar Council ID Card Is Valid Id...
01 Nov 2018     Views:2741
SC Sets Deadline On Sale Of BS-IV Vehicles; Says H...
01 Nov 2018     Views:2551
Devotion Cannot Be Subjected To Gender Discriminat...
23 Oct 2018     Views:3824
There Cannot Be Any Mechanical Denial Of Appointme...
23 Oct 2018     Views:2868
Rights Of Accused Far Outweigh That Of Victims, Ne...
23 Oct 2018     Views:1751
SC Strikes Down 158 Year Old Adultery Law Under Se...
23 Oct 2018     Views:2815
Extra-Judicial Confession Of Accused Need Not In A...
23 Oct 2018     Views:1994
Leaders Of Outfits Calling For Mob Violence Liable...
23 Oct 2018     Views:1770
Section 377 IPC Decriminalised Partially By Supre...
23 Oct 2018     Views:2299
New CJI Ranjan Gogoi Is Determined To Ensure Sweep...
23 Oct 2018     Views:2136
Court Must Not Go Deep Into The Matter While Consi...
26 Sep 2018     Views:2447
Reputation Of An Individual Is An Insegregable Fac...
26 Sep 2018     Views:3240
Sec. 498A IPC: Only HC Can Quash Cases On Settleme...
18 Sep 2018     Views:4173
Punjab & Haryana HC Orders Rape Convict, Mother To...
17 Sep 2018     Views:2520
Bombay HC Imposes Cost Of Rs 50K On Petitioner Fir...
17 Sep 2018     Views:1788
Uttarakhand HC Dismisses “Contempt Petition” A...
14 Sep 2018     Views:1856
SC Stresses On Need To Develop And Recognize ‘De...
08 Sep 2018     Views:1792
Mirchpur Dalit Killings: “Atrocities Against SCs...
08 Sep 2018     Views:1961
SC Upholds Pan India Reservation Rule in Delhi; Bu...
03 Sep 2018     Views:2287
NDPS Bail Conditions Discriminatory, Irrational An...
31 Aug 2018     Views:3135
People Without A Degree Performing Surgeries: Utta...
28 Aug 2018     Views:1876
Uttarakhand HC Issues Directions For Conserving ...
28 Aug 2018     Views:2352
12 Year Old Girl’s Rape And Murder: Constitute P...
28 Aug 2018     Views:2135
MP HC To Debar Members/Office Bearers Of Bar Counc...
22 Aug 2018     Views:1808
Special Squad, Police Patrolling Every 24 Hours To...
20 Aug 2018     Views:1956
NRC Being Prepared Under Supreme Court’s Watch I...
20 Aug 2018     Views:1961
Victims Of Crime Can Seek Cancellation Of Bail: MP...
20 Aug 2018     Views:2117
Delhi HC Strikes Down Provisions In Law That Crimi...
13 Aug 2018     Views:2163
Delhi HC Quashes Govt Notification Revising Minimu...
09 Aug 2018     Views:2127
Poorest Of Poor Cannot Go To Private Hospitals: Ut...
07 Aug 2018     Views:2439
How Long Will Lawyers Of West UP Just Keep Strikin...
04 Aug 2018     Views:2406
Courts Must See That The Public Doesn’t Lose Con...
04 Aug 2018     Views:1906
UK Tier 1 Entrepreneur Visa: Overview from Experts...
31 Jul 2018     Views:1999
Enact Law For Safety Of Soldiers Of Jammu And Kash...
23 Jul 2018     Views:1869
SC Advocates Creating A Special Law Against Lynchi...
23 Jul 2018     Views:3246
Matrimonial Discord Can’t Be Considered As Reaso...
23 Jul 2018     Views:3236
Uttarakhand HC Recommends Govt To Enact Legislatio...
23 Jul 2018     Views:3089
High Court Priests Cannot Refuse To Perform Religi...
23 Jul 2018     Views:2359
Uttarakhand High Court Passes String Of Directions...
23 Jul 2018     Views:1698
SC Finally Decides Master Of Roster Case...
23 Jul 2018     Views:1645
Stone Pelters And Terrorists Have No Right To Life...
23 Jul 2018     Views:2199
Remove Designations Like Police, HC, Journalist, A...
23 Jul 2018     Views:2175
Why Centre is Providing Security For Separatists B...
23 Jul 2018     Views:1938
Farmer Suicide Due To Bankruptcy Or Indebtedness: ...
05 Jul 2018     Views:4779
Every Indian Should Salute Brave Soldier Aurangzeb...
05 Jul 2018     Views:3354
Uttarakhand HC Issues Directions To Curb Drug Pedd...
05 Jul 2018     Views:2671
Have A Functional National Law University Within 3...
05 Jul 2018     Views:2262
Establish Regional Bench Of AFT In The State Withi...
05 Jul 2018     Views:1654
Cancel Licences of Drivers Using Cell Phones; Helm...
05 Jul 2018     Views:1549
Uttarakhand High Court Puts Restrictions On Noise ...
05 Jul 2018     Views:1709
Supreme Court To Look Into Validity Of Amended Law...
05 Jul 2018     Views:1535
Mysterious Deaths, Rapes, Malnutrition, Unsanitary...
29 Jun 2018     Views:2714
No Politics Please Over Plan To Assassinate PM Mod...
11 Jun 2018     Views:2130
Free Mentally Ill Children And Formulate Policies ...
11 Jun 2018     Views:2551
Landmark Ruling By Uttarakhand HC On Solitary Conf...
07 Jun 2018     Views:3146
Right Of Adult Couple To Live Together Without Mar...
06 Jun 2018     Views:2230
Why BJP Will Be Wiped Out In West UP And UP?...
06 Jun 2018     Views:2314
Why UP Has Just One High Court Bench And West UP N...
05 Jun 2018     Views:1842
Women Governed By Muslim Personal Law Can Invoke P...
04 Jun 2018     Views:1593
Why Is BJP Not Creating More Benches In UP?...
01 Jun 2018     Views:1753
Probation Period To Count For New Civil Servants B...
01 Jun 2018     Views:3547
SC Women Lawyers Association Seeks Chemical Castra...
01 Jun 2018     Views:1582
SC Finally Steps In To Expedite POCSO Cases...
01 Jun 2018     Views:3000
UP Former CMs Can’t Stay In Govt Bungalows: SC...
01 Jun 2018     Views:1523
Make BCCI A Public Body: Law Panel...
01 Jun 2018     Views:1885
Self-Styled Godman Asaram Awarded Life Until Death...
01 Jun 2018     Views:1771
Why Cases Withdrawn Against Stone Pelters In Kashm...
01 Jun 2018     Views:1938
A High Court Bench For West UP In Meerut Is Impera...
01 Jun 2018     Views:2131
People Of Karnataka Should Worship Congress...
01 Jun 2018     Views:1955
Delhi HC Upholds Life Term To Seven Policemen...
19 Mar 2018     Views:1665
Finance Act-2018 And Customs Act-1962 (Amendments)...
28 Feb 2018     Views:1797
Why No Death Or Life Term For Corruption?...
19 Feb 2018     Views:1581
Will Electoral Bonds Usher In Transparency?...
19 Feb 2018     Views:1536
How Long Will Lawyers Of West UP Keep Striking?...
19 Feb 2018     Views:1661
Finance Act 2018 and Customs Act 1962...
18 Feb 2018     Views:2136
Why Has Stone Pelting Been Legalised In Kashmir?...
12 Feb 2018     Views:1688
Shopian Firing: Major's Dad Moving SC For Quashing...
12 Feb 2018     Views:1609
Soldiers Have Every Legal Right To Kill Stone Pelt...
12 Feb 2018     Views:2993
Attack On Lawyers: Delhi HC Issues Notice To Delhi...
10 Feb 2018     Views:1581
Female Foeticide Must Be Punished Most Strictly...
10 Feb 2018     Views:1846
Soldiers Have Every Legal Right To Act In Self Def...
10 Feb 2018     Views:1587
New Consumer Protection Bill 2018 Will Entail More...
10 Feb 2018     Views:1609
CJI Brings Out A Roster To Allot Cases...
10 Feb 2018     Views:2162
Five Year Jail Term For Lalu In Third Fodder Scam ...
10 Feb 2018     Views:1683
SC Quashes All The 88 Mining Leases In Goa...
10 Feb 2018     Views:1720
Prevention Of Money Laundering Act -2002 (PMLA-20...
07 Feb 2018     Views:1739
Prevention Of Money Laundering Act-2002 Amended ...
04 Feb 2018     Views:2267
Prevention Of Money Laundering Act -2002 --U/S 45(...
03 Feb 2018     Views:2109
Prevention Of Money Laundering Act-2002 (P...
16 Jan 2018     Views:1780
humanity...
13 Jan 2018     Views:1544
Prevention Of Money Laundering Act-2002 PMLA...
13 Jan 2018     Views:1574
Right to Know...
05 Jan 2018     Views:2055
A STUDY OF CERTAIN DEDUCTIONS ON INCOME TAX RELATI...
29 Dec 2017     Views:2217
Enviornment protection is for saving universe...
28 Dec 2017     Views:1546
RIGHT TO PRIVACY AND STATUS OF SECTION 377, IPC, 1...
26 Dec 2017     Views:1814
PROBLEMS WITHIN THE EXISTING POLICE SYSTEM...
26 Dec 2017     Views:1644
LEGALITY : LEGALITY OF MARITAL RAPE...
26 Dec 2017     Views:2576
RIGHT TO PRIVACY AND DIRECTION FOR MANDATORY AADHA...
26 Dec 2017     Views:1753
THE PARADOX OF PLEA BARGAINING...
26 Dec 2017     Views:2568
JOURNEY OF EVMs AMIDST CONTROVERSIES ...
26 Dec 2017     Views:1660
UIDAI suspends Airtel, Airtel Payments and Banks e...
26 Dec 2017     Views:2149
2G Scam : The 2G Scam and much more...
26 Dec 2017     Views:2394
Kerala teen surveillance case: Invasion of Privacy...
26 Dec 2017     Views:1818
Motherhood or Employment- the judicial perspective...
26 Dec 2017     Views:1847

Most Read Articles

  • Once a mortgage, always a mortgage
    On 23 Apr 2020    Views:56288
  • Relationship between International Law and Municipal Law
    On 18 Apr 2020    Views:54843
  • Montesquieu’s Theory of Separation of Powers: How it has been adopted in India
    On 10 Dec 2019    Views:35457
  • Why Indian Constitution is called Quasi-federal?
    On 08 Apr 2020    Views:33456
  • VETO POWER AND DOUBLE VETO POWER
    On 20 Apr 2020    Views:31208
View all >>

Propertified Propertified Propertified Propertified Propertified Propertified Propertified Propertified Propertified

86540

Lawyers Network

103860

Users

630

Cities Serving

114

Law Schools Network

59824

Law Students Network

About us

  • Company Profile

Indian Major Laws

  • Indian Constitution
  • IPC
  • CrPC
  • CPC
  • Companies Act
  • Indian Evidence Act
  • CGST Act
  • Limitation Act

Policies

  • Terms of Use
  • Privacy Policy
  • Refund & Cancellation

    Ads & Media

  • Resource Sharing
  • Advertiser(Sign Up/Login)
  • Media

    Careers

  • Internships
  • Jobs
  • Student Journalists

    HELP & SUPPORT

  • Contact Us
  • Grievances
  • Test

News

  • Legal News
  • Post Article
  • Post Interview

Legal Library

  • Central Acts
  • Deeds Drafts [1128 ]
  • Legal Maxims

Connect

Lawsisto Direct

 

  •  
  •  
DISCLAIMER
Copyright © Lawsisto Private Limited. All rights reserved.
Unless otherwise indicated, all materials on these pages are copyrighted by Lawsisto Private Limited. All rights reserved. No part of these pages, either text or image may
be used for any purpose. By continuing past this page, you agree to our Terms of Service, Cookie Policy, Privacy Policy and Content Policies.